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中英双语版：英文原文完整保留，中文紧随对应单元；术语采用 v20260916 确认表，自动语义审校结果可追溯。
Physics 7110 Midterm
Exam
Name ______________________
1. If a constant non-zero net force is applied to a body, the
body is
a. accelerating
b. moving at constant speed
c. at rest or moving at constant velocity
2. Ball A is dropped from rest as ball B is shot horizontally. The ball
that hits the ground first is
a. Ball A
b. Ball B
c. both will hit at the same time
The reason for this is because
d. ball A has a lesser distance to travel
e. ball B is acted upon by an additional force
f. both balls fall the same vertical distance with equal acceleration
3. If one doubles the speed of a moving body, one also doubles its
a. acceleration
b. momentum
c. kinetic energy
d. potential energy
e. energy
4. A 200 lb skydiver reaches a terminal velocity of about 180 miles per
hour and his velocity then stays constant. The air resistance force on
him after he reaches terminal velocity is:
a. 180 lbs
b. 200 lbs
c. 20 lbs
d. 380 lbs
e. cant be determined from data given
5. A projectile is fired horizontally with a speed of 40 m/sec. Air
friction is negligible.
a. the horizontal speed will decrease at 9.8 m/s2 because of gravity.
b. the horizontal speed will remain the same during the motion
c. the horizontal speed will increase as it falls.
6. In which case would you have the largest mass of gold? If your chunk
of gold weighed 1 newton on the
a. moon
b. Earth
c. planet Jupiter
d. would be the same on each
7. A person is attracted toward the center of the earth by a
gravitational force of 500 N. The force with which the earth is
attracted toward the person is
a. 500 N
b. infinitesimally small
c. billions and billions of tons
principally because
d. both forces in question make an action/reaction pair
e. the mass of the person is negligible compared to the mass of
the earth
f. the earth itself weighs billions of tons
g. of inertia
8. "Centrifugal force" is an apparent reality to observers in a frame
of reference which is
a. moving with constant velocity
b. an inertial frame
c. at rest
d. moving in a curved path.
9. a 200 N weight hangs motionless from a string that is attached from
the ceiling . The net force acting on the weight is
a. zero
b. 100 N
c. 200 N
and if the string breaks, the net force acting on the weight is
d. zero
e. 100 N
f. 200 N
10. The head of a golf club strikes the ball with a force of 1500 lbs.
The ball exerts a force on the club which
a. is very small because of its small mass
b. is larger than the club force because of the brief time of the impact
c. is not determinable because of the complicated interaction
c. is exactly 1500 lbs.
11. A car traveling at 15 m/s requires a 15 meter stopping distance
when the brakes are applied. If the same car under the same conditions
is traveling at 30 m/s, the stopping distance would be about
a. 30 m
b. 60 m
c. 90 m
d. 120 m
12. In a collision with a tree, the impact force on a car will be
lessened by
a. building the car rigidly so that it will not collapse
b. minimizing the time of the collision
c. designing the car so that it will collapse
d. making the car heavier
13. If a car is traveling at a constant speed down a straight level
road, it can be said that the forward force on the car
a. is greater than the frictional drag force
b. is less than the frictional drag
c. is equal to the frictional drag
14. A Mack truck and a volkswagen collide
a. The force is greater on the volkswagen
b. The change in momentum is greater for the volkswagen
c. the change in velocity is greater for the VW
c. the impulse of force is greater for the VW
15. A ball is dropped. According to Newton's Third Law, the action
force is the earth's pull on the ball, and the reaction force is
a. air resistance acting against the ball
b. acceleration of the ball
c. the ball's pull on the earth
d. non-existent in this case
16. A car increases its speed from 60 to 65 miles per hour in the same
time that a bicycle increases its speed from rest to 5 miles per
hour. In this case the acceleration is greatest for the
a. car
b. bicycle
c. ... is the same for each
principally because
d. the car undergoes the greatest changes in velocity
e. the bicycle has considerably less mass
f. both undergo equal increases in speed during the same time interval
17. An object is in free fall near the surface of the Earth. At one
instant it is traveling at a speed of 50 meters per second. Exactly one
second later its speed is about
a. 10 m/s
b. 50 m/s
c. 60 m/s
d. 100 m/s
This is because
e. no net force acts on the object wile in its state of free fall
f. it gains a speed of nearly 10 m/s for each second it is falling
g. its velocity nearly doubles each second
18. In the absence of air resistance, a boulder and a pebble dropped
from rest will fall with equal
a. momenta
b. acceleration
c. kinetic energies
d. ... all of these
The reason that this quantity(s) is not greater for the heavier boulder
as compared to the lighter pebble is because
e. both the boulder and the pebble fall at the same speed
f. the initial potential energies of each is the same
g. gravitation force acting on each is the same
h the greater gravitational force on the boulder acts on a
correspondingly greater mass.
19. A 100 Newton sack of potatoes falls from an airplane. As the
velocity of fall increases, the air resistance acting on the falling
sack also increases. When air resistance equals 100 Newtons, the
acceleration of the sack will be
a. zero
b. 4.9 m/s2
c. 9.8 m/s2
d. 100 m/s2
and the velocity of the sack will be
e. 0 m/s
f. 4.9 m/s
g. 9.8 m/s
h. 100 m/s
i. constant
20. When a car is traveling in a circle at constant speed
a. there is no net force on the car because it is not accelerating
b. there is a net force on the car in the direction the car is traveling
c. there is a net force on the car in the direction of the radius of
the circle.
21. If a 10 kilogram stone and a 1 kg stone are observed to have the
same acceleration, this implies
a. the forces on them are the same
b. the ratio of force to mass is the same for each
c. their velocities will be the same
d. their speeds are the same
22. One gram of mass at the center of the earth would experience
a. the same gravity force it would experience on the earth's surface
b. less gravity force
c. more gravity force
d. net zero gravity force
23. If a car travels further during a collision (i.e., collapses more)
a. more work will be done on it.
b. the impulse on the occupants will be less
c. the change in momentum will be less
d. the average force of impact will be less
24. An 120 lb kid sits 6 ft from the pivot on a see-saw. How far must a
80 lb kid sit from the pivot to balance him?
a. 9 ft
b. 4ft
c. 8 ft
d. he can't balance the 120 lb kid.
25. A projectile shot straight up reaches a height of 100 ft . A
projectile shot with twice the velocity will reach a height of
a. 100 ft
b. 141 ft
c. 200 ft
d. 400 ft
This is because
e. on the moon a greater mass of gold is required for the gravitational
force to equal 1 N
f. weight and mass are directly proportional to each other
g. gravitational force per mass is greatest on the most massive planet.
26. A pendulum bob swings back and forth shown in the sketch. The
kinetic energy of the bob is maximum at position
27. The moon does not fall to the earth because
a. the net force on it is zero
b. it is being pulled by the sun and planets as well as the earth
c. it is beyond the pull of the earth's gravity
d. ... but it does fall!
More specifically , the moon
e. is subject to both centripetal and centrifugal forces
f. interacts with all massive bodies, both near and far with similar
strengths
g. is free of air resistance as well as other earthly influences
h falls away from the straight line it would follow if there were no
gravity.
28. The body chiefly responsible for ocean tides is the
a. moon
b. sun
chiefly because
c. the moon is closer to the earth than the sun and pulls it harder
d. gravitational pull by the moon is less than that of the sun
e. the difference between the moon's pull on the near and far sides of
the earth is appreciable
29. Picking up a weight which is far out in front of you is bad for the
back principally because
a. you may fall on your nose
b. the weight has a long lever arm while your back muscles have a very
short lever arm to produce a balancing torque.
c. the torque exerted by the weight is greater than that exerted by the
back muscles.
30. An object at rest may have
a. speed
b. velocity
c. momentum
d. energy
e. none of these
31. If an object has kinetic energy then it must also have
a. impulse
b. momentum
c. acceleration
d. force
e. none of these
32. Two identical objects are brought to rest from the same initial
velocities. The collision which brings one to rest takes twice as long
as the collision which stops the other.
a. The longer time implies that the force of impact is half as great.
b. the forces of impact are the same.
c. the longer collision involves a greater total force.
33. A log is hooked to a tractor with a long chain. The tractor is
being accelerated forward with a net force of 200 lb. When the chain
becomes taut, the log exerts a backward drag force of 200 lb so that it
cancels the forward force. The tractor
a. comes to an immediate halt
b. decelerates gradually to a halt
c. continues at the speed it had when the chain went taut
d. continues to accelerate, but slowly.
34. You are hit by a 50 gm snowball traveling at 30 m/s and a 100 gm
snowball traveling at 15 m/s
a. the lighter snowball will do more damage because of greater energy
b. they will have equal impacts because of equal momentum
c. the more massive snowball will hit harder
35. The speedometer of a car indicates a constant speed of 30 miles per
hour. From this we can say that the acceleration of the car is
a. zero
b. nonzero
c. ... can't really say
36. If an object is thrown downward from a tall cliff, its acceleration
while falling
( in the absence of air resistance) will be
a. less than 9.8 m/s2
b. 9.8 m/s2
c. greater than 9.8 m/s2
This is evident from the fact that
d. gravitational force depends upon the state of motion of an object
e. each successive second the speed of the object increases by an
additional 9.8 m/s.
f. the object was not simply dropped but thrown, therefore having an
initial acceleration of fall greater than zero.
37. A baseball is thrown straight upward. At the very top of its
trajectory its instantaneous velocity is zero and its acceleration is
a. zero
b. 9.8 m/s2
c. between zero and 9.8 m/s2
d. none of these
We can better understand by noting that when at its highest point
e there is momentarily no motion
f. its rate of change of motion is still 9.8 m/s2
g. although its velocity is not changing, its direction is
38. An astronaut in an orbiting satellite feels weightless because
a. he is weightless
b. gravity is very weak there
c. the net force on the satellite is zero
d. both he and the satellite are in free fall
39. In referring to how much matter a body contains, we use the term
a. volume
b. mass
c. weight
and the force of gravitational attraction upon a body is
d. weight
e. volume
f. mass.
40. Suppose an astronaut in outer space wishes to play a solitary
"throw and catch " game by bouncing an elastic ball off a very massive
wall. If the ball is as massive as the astronaut
a. she will never catch the first bounce
b. she will catch only one bounce, but never a second
c. her time between catches will decrease as the game progresses
d. her time between catches will increase as the game progresses.
41. Which of the following has the greater weight
a. 1 kilogram of gold
b. 1 kilogram of feathers
c. ... both weigh the same in the same locality
This follows from the fact that
d. gold is more compact than the mass of feathers
e. weight and mass are directly proportional to each other
42. If the polar ice caps melted and flowed toward the equator, the
rotation of the earth would tend to
a. decrease in angular speed
b. be unchanged
c. increase in angular speed
with the result that the day would be
d. slightly longer
e. slightly shorter
f. unaffected
43. The momentum of the punch is stopped by the fighter's jaw. He
"rides with the punch" so as to
a. decrease the velocity of the blow
b. increase the time of contact of the blow
and thereby reduce the
c. force
d. impulse
e. momentum
f. work done
44. A freight car rolls along a horizontal track at 5 m/s and hooks
onto an identical freight car at rest. The coupled cars will
a. come to a quick stop
b. roll at 2.5 m/s
c. roll at 5 m/s
d. roll at 10 m/s
which is best explained by
e. the law of inertia -- in the absence of external forces, objects in
motion will continue to move at constant speed
f. Newton's 2nd law -- the acceleration of the car at rest is equal to
the force of impact divided by the mass of the two freight cars
g. momentum conservation -- since twice the mass is moving, the
velocity will be half of what it was before the collision.
h. conservation of energy -- kinetic energy after the collision is
equal to the kinetic energy before collision.
45. As strange as it may seem it would be just as hard to lift a car on
the moon as it is to lift the same car on earth. This is because
z. the mass of the car is independent of gravity
b. the weight of the car is independent of gravity
c. ..Nonsense! A car is much more easily lifted on the moon than on
earth
46. As the ball rolls from A to B its velocity increases and its
acceleration
47. The boy plays "solitary seesaw" as shown. We can understand this by
imagining he has an invisible partner located at the
a. pivot point
b. right end of the board
c. halfway point of the right end of the board.
d. seesaw's center of gravity
Since the seesaw is not rotating, we can say that
e. the net torque on the seesaw is zero
f. potential energy and kinetic energy are equal to each other
g. the boy's and the seesaw's centers of gravity must be equal
distances from the pivot point.
h. the boy and the seesaw must have the same weight
48. All things being practically equal, if the energy content in
gasoline were doubled, then the distance a car should travel per liter
of gasoline should be
a. no different
b. double
c. quadruple
If both kinds of fuel are burned in the same time, then compared to the
power produced by the combustion of low-energy gasoline, the power
produced by the combustion of the higher-energy gasoline should be
a. no different
b. double
c. quadruple
49. A baseball bat hits a ball with a force of 1000 lbs. The bat slows
down a bit because the ball exerts a resisting force against the bat of
a. much less than 1000 lbs
b. exactly 1000 lbs
c. more than 1000 lbs
50. A rifle recoils from the bullet it fires. The speed of recoil is
small because the
a. force against he rifle is relatively small
b. speed is mainly concentrated in the bullet
c. rifle is relatively massive
d. momentum of the rifle is unchanged
e. impulse against the rifle is conserved.
51. Probably you have seen photographs of astronauts training in
chambers of 'weightlessness", where they float in space. These chambers
are
a. in airplanes under going a downward acceleration of g
b. shielded from the earths gravitational field
c. beyond the pull of gravity
d. scientific wonders
52. The Earlybird communication satellite hovers over the same
point on the earth's equator indefinitely. This is because
a. forces other than earth's gravity act on it
b. it pulls as hard on the earth as the earth pulls on it
c. it is beyond the main pull of gravity
d. it is kept aloft by ground control
e. it orbits the earth in 24 hours
53. When a car rounds a curve at a speed of 30 mi/hr, the road must
exert a force of 200 lb toward the center of the curve to keep the car
from skidding. At 60 mi/hr on the same curve the required force would be
a. 100 lb c. 400 lb
b. 800 lb d. 50 lb
54. When we say that an object is moving at constant velocity we mean
that it is
a. at rest
b. moving at an unchanging speed
c. moving at an unchanged speed in a straight-line path
and that its acceleration is
d. uniform
e. constantly increasing (or decreasing)
f. zero
55. A 2 kg ball traveling a 20 m/s hits a solid wall and bounces back
with a velocity of 20 m/s in the opposite direction. The change in the
ball's momentum during the collision is
a. zero
b. 40 kg m/s
c. 80 kg m/s
d. impossible to tell without knowing the time of collision
56. Which of the following must be used to obtain the velocity of two
masses after they have collided and stuck together?
a. conservation of energy
b. conservation of momentum
c. work-energy principle
Explain why the other two can't be used.
57. What is the difference between energy and power?
58. Why does a skater spin faster when she pulls her arms in?
59. Mass can be said to be a measure of
a. weight
b. inertia
c. force
d. acceleration
60. An object must be accelerating if it moves
a. with constant velocity
b. in a circular path
c. in a straight -line path
because it is undergoing a change in its
d. direction
e. speed
c. net force
61. Suppose you push with 200 N of force against your 1500 N
refrigerator and it slides across your kitchen floor at constant
velocity. The friction forces of the floor against the refrigerator
must be
a. zero
b. 200 N
c. 1300 N
d. 1500 N
e. greater than 1500 N
and the force with which you must push is
f. equal and oppositely directed to the friction force
g. the action force, and the friction the reaction force
h. both of these
i none of these
62. A 400 N person stands on the surface of the earth. If the person
were somehow able to stand on a ladder so that he was twice
as far from the center of the earth, the measured weight would be
a. 0 N
b. 100 N
c. 200 N
d. 400 N
This would be because
e. he would be above the atmosphere
f. his mass would be the same wherever he was
g. gravitational force obeys an inverse square law
63. A satellite in a circular orbit high above the earth travels at a
constant speed because
a. gravity is too weak there to speed it up
b. the gravity force acts perpendicularly to the velocity
c. the net force on the satellite is zero
d. centrifugal force cancels the gravity force.
64. The earth and the moon are attracted to each other by gravitational
force. The larger earth attracts the smaller moon with a force which is
a. smaller than the force which the moon exerts on the earth.
b. greater than the force which the moon exerts on the earth.
c. equal to the force which the moon exerts on the earth.
This is in accordance with
d. the law of inertia
e. Kepler's laws
f. the conservation of energy
g. the fact that both moon and earth orbit about a common point, the
center of mass.
h. the law of action and reaction
65. An object is dropped from rest. After two seconds its speed will be
about
a. 10 m/s
b. 20 m/s
c. 40 m/s
and it will have fallen a distance of about
d. 10 m
e. 20 m
f. 40 m
66. A block of granite is actually mostly empty space because the atoms
making up the granite are
a. in perpetual motion
b. not as close together as they could be
c. held together by electrical forces
d. themselves mostly empty space
67. Compared to a 100 lb person at the beach, a 200 pound person
requires
a. less than twice as much suntan lotion
b. the same amount of suntan lotion
c. more than twice as much suntan lotion
物理7110期中考试 姓名 ______________________ 1. 如果对一个物体施加一个恒定的非零合外力，该物体将 a. 加速 b. 以恒定速度运动 c. 静止或以恒定速度运动 2. 球A从静止下落，球B被水平射出。先击中地面的球是 a. 球A b. 球B c. 两者同时击中地面 地原因是 d. 球A的下落距离更短 e. 球B受到额外的力 f. 两个球以相同的加速度下落相同的垂直距离 3. 如果一个运动物体的速度加倍，其也加倍的是 a. 加速度 b. 动量 c. 动能 d. 势能 e. 能量 4. 一个200磅的跳伞者以约180英里/小时的速度达到终端速度，之后速度保持不变。他达到终端速度后所受的空气阻力是： a. 180磅 b. 200磅 c. 20磅 d. 380磅 e. 无法从给定数据确定 5. 一个弹体以40 m/s的水平速度发射，空气摩擦可忽略不计。 a. 水平速度会因重力而减少9.8 m/s2。 b. 水平速度在运动过程中保持不变。 c. 在下落过程中水平速度会增加。 6. 哪种情况下你拥有的黄金质量最大？如果你的黄金块在月球上重1牛顿， a. 月球 b. 地球 c. 木星 d. 在每个天体上都一样 7. 一个人受到地球引力的吸引力为500 N。地球对人的吸引力是 a. 500 N b.
13. 在与树的碰撞中，汽车上的冲击力可以通过以下方式减小：a. 使汽车坚固，使其不发生变形；b. 减少碰撞时间；c. 设计汽车使其发生变形；d. 使汽车更重。
如果一辆汽车以恒定速度在直线上行驶，可以认为汽车的前进力 a. 大于摩擦阻力 b. 小于摩擦阻力 c. 等于摩擦阻力 14. 一辆卡车和一辆大众汽车相撞 a. 力更大的是大众汽车 b. 大众汽车的动量变化更大 c. 大众汽车的速率变化更大 d. 大众汽车的力的冲量更大 15. 一个球被丢下。根据牛顿第三定律，作用力是地球对球的引力，反作用力是 a. 空气阻力对球的作用 b. 球的加速度 c. 球对地球的引力 d. 此时不存在 16. 一辆车从60英里每小时增加到65英里每小时，而一辆自行车从静止增加到5英里每小时。在这种情况下，加速度最大的是 a. 汽车 b. 自行车 c. ... 对于每个来说基本上是相同的，因为 d. 汽车的速率变化最大 e. 自行车的质量明显较小 f. 两者的速率在相同的时间内都增加了相同的量 17. 一个物体在地球表面附近自由下落。在某一时刻，它的速度是50米每秒。恰好一秒钟后，它的速度大约是 a. 10 m/s b. 50 m/s c. 60 m/s d. 100 m/s 这是因为 e. 在自由下落状态下，物体上没有净力作用 f. 每秒钟下落，物体的速度增加约10米每秒 g. 每秒钟物体的速度几乎翻倍 18.
在没有空气阻力的情况下，从静止开始下落的巨石和鹅卵石将具有相等的 a. 动量 b. 加速度 c. 动能 d. 所有这些。这是因为较重的巨石相比较轻的鹅卵石，该量（们）并不更大，原因是 e. 巨石和鹅卵石以相同的速度下落 f. 每个物体的初始势能相同 g. 作用在它们上的重力相同 h. 巨石所受的较大重力作用在相应的更大质量上。19. 一个100牛顿的土豆袋从飞机上落下。当下落速度增加时，作用在下落袋上的空气阻力也增加。当空气阻力等于100牛顿时，袋的加速度将为 a. 零 b. 4.9米/秒² c. 9.8米/秒² d. 100米/秒²，而袋的速度将为 e. 0米/秒 f. 4.9米/秒 g. 9.8米/秒 h. 100米/秒 i. 常数。20. 当汽车以恒定速度在圆周上行驶时，a. 汽车上没有净力，因为它没有加速 b. 汽车上有一个净力，方向是汽车行驶的方向 c. 汽车上有一个净力，方向是圆的半径方向。21. 如果10千克的石头和1千克的石头被观察到具有相同的加速度，这表明 a. 它们受到的力相同 b. 每个物体的力与质量的比值相同 c. 它们的速度相同 d. 它们的速度相同。22. 一克质量位于地球中心时，会体验到 a. 与地球表面相同的重力 b. 较小的重力。
更多的重力力 23. 如果一辆车在碰撞中行驶得更远（即更塌陷），a. 对它做的功会更多。b. 乘客所受的冲量会更小。c. 动量的变化会更小。d. 冲击力的平均值会更小。24. 一个重120磅的孩子坐在跷跷板的6英尺处。为了平衡他，另一个重80磅的孩子必须坐在距离支点多少英尺处？a. 9英尺 b. 4英尺 c. 8英尺 d. 无法平衡120磅的孩子。25. 一个竖直发射的弹体达到100英尺的高度。以两倍速度发射的弹体将达到的高度是 a. 100英尺 b. 141英尺 c. 200英尺 d. 400英尺 这是因为 e. 在月球上，为了使重力力等于1牛，需要更多的黄金质量 f. 重量和质量彼此成正比 g. 每单位质量的重力力在最 massive 的行星上最大。26. 一个单摆的摆球来回摆动，如图所示。摆球的动能最大在位置 27. 月亮不会掉向地球是因为 a. 它的净力为零 b. 它同时受到太阳和行星以及地球的拉力 c. 它已经超出了地球引力的范围 d. …但它确实掉下来了！更具体地说，月亮 e. 同时受到向心力和离心力的作用 f. 与所有质量体相互作用，无论是近还是远，作用力强度相似 g. 它不受空气阻力以及其他地球影响 h. 它偏离了如果没有引力时它本来会走的直线。28. 对潮汐起主要作用的天体是 a. 月亮 b. 太阳，主要原因是 c.
月比太阳更接近地球，因此对地球的引力更大。d. 月球对地球的引力小于太阳的引力。e. 月球对地球近侧和远侧的引力差是显著的。29. 抓起一个位于你前方远处的重物对背部不利，主要原因是 a. 你可能会撞到自己的鼻子 b. 重物的力臂很长，而背部肌肉的力臂却非常短，以产生平衡力矩。c. 重物所产生的力矩大于背部肌肉所产生的力矩。30. 静止的物体可能具有 a. 速度 b. 速度 c. 动量 d. 能量 e. 以上都不对 31. 如果一个物体具有动能，那么它也必须具有 a. 冲量 b. 动量 c. 加速度 d. 力 e. 以上都不对 32. 两个相同的物体从相同的初速度被减速至静止。使其中一个物体停止的碰撞所用的时间是使另一个物体停止的碰撞时间的两倍。a. 更长的时间意味着撞击力是原来的一半。b. 撞击力相同。c. 更长的碰撞涉及更大的总力。33. 一棵木头用一根长链连接到拖拉机上。拖拉机向前加速时的合力为200磅。当链子绷直时，木头对拖拉机施加了一个200磅的反向阻力，从而抵消了向前的力。拖拉机 a. 立即停止 b. 逐渐减速直至停止 c. 保持链子绷直时的速度继续前进 d. 继续加速，但速度缓慢。34.
你被一个质量为50克、以30米/秒速度飞行的雪球和一个质量为100克、以15米/秒速度飞行的雪球击中。a. 较轻的雪球会造成更大伤害，因为具有更大的能量 b. 它们将具有相等的冲击力，因为具有相等的动量 c. 更重的雪球会击打更有力 35. 汽车速度表显示恒定的30英里/小时。由此我们可以得出汽车的加速度是 a. 零 b. 非零 c. ... 无法确定 36. 如果一个物体从高崖向下抛出，其下落时（在无空气阻力的情况下）的加速度将是 a. 小于9.8米/秒² b. 9.8米/秒² c. 大于9.8米/秒² 这可以从以下事实明显看出：d. 重力取决于物体的运动状态 e. 每经过一秒钟，物体的速度会增加额外的9.8米/秒。f. 该物体并非仅仅被释放，而是被抛出，因此具有初始的加速度大于零。37. 一个棒球被直上抛出。在它轨迹的最高点，其瞬时速度为零，其加速度是 a. 零 b. 9.8米/秒² c. 在零和9.8米/秒²之间 d. 以上都不对 我们可以通过注意到在最高点时 e 有短暂的无运动 f. 其运动变化的速率仍为9.8米/秒² g. 虽然其速度没有变化，但其方向是 38. 在轨道卫星中的宇航员感觉失重是因为 a. 他本身是失重的 b. 那里重力非常弱 c. 卫星上的净力为零 d. 他和卫星都在自由下落 39.
在谈论一个物体所含物质的多少时，我们使用术语a. 体积 b. 质量 c. 重量，而作用在物体上的重力吸引力是d. 重量 e. 体积 f. 质量。40. 假设一名宇航员在太空中想通过弹击一个弹性球来玩“投掷和接住”的游戏，他可以将球弹击到一个非常巨大的墙上。如果球的质量与宇航员相当，那么a. 她将永远接不住第一次弹跳 b. 她只能接住一次弹跳，但永远接不住第二次 c. 她的两次接住之间的时间随着游戏进行而减少 d. 她的两次接住之间的时间随着游戏进行而增加。41. 以下哪一项的重量更大a. 1千克的黄金 b. 1千克的羽毛 c. ... 在同一地区，两者重量相同。这源于事实d. 黄金比羽毛更致密 e. 重量和质量彼此成正比。42. 如果极地冰盖融化并流向赤道，地球的自转将倾向于a. 角速度减小 b. 保持不变 c. 角速度增加，结果是一天会d. 略长 e. 略短 f. 无变化。43. 拳击的动量被拳击手的下巴停止。他“随拳而动”，以便a. 减少打击的速率 b. 增加打击的接触时间，从而减少c. 力 d. 冲量 e. 动量 f. 做功。44. 一节货运车厢在水平轨道上以5 m/s的速度滚动，并连接到另一节静止的相同型号的货运车厢。连接后的两节车厢将a. 快速停止 b. 以2.5 m/s滚动 c. 以5 m/s滚动 d.
以10 m/s的速度滚动，最能用e. 惯性定律来解释——在没有外力作用的情况下，物体将保持匀速运动。f. 牛顿第二定律——静止的汽车的加速度等于冲击力除以两节货运车厢的质量。g. 动量守恒——由于质量是原来的两倍，碰撞前后的速度将分别为原来的一半。h. 能量守恒——碰撞后的动能等于碰撞前的动能。45. 尽管看起来奇怪，但在月球上举起一辆车和在地球上举起同样的车一样困难。这是因为z. 车的質量不依赖于重力 b. 车的重量不依赖于重力 c. 哈！在月球上比在地球上更容易举起一辆车。46. 球从A滚动到B时，其速度增加，其加速度47. 男孩如图所示玩“独人跷跷板”。我们可以通过想象他有一个无形的伙伴位于a. 支点 b. 板的右端 c. 右端中间点 d. 跷跷板的重心。由于跷跷板没有旋转，我们可以得出e. 跷跷板上的净力矩为零 f. 势能和动能相等 g. 男孩和跷跷板的重心必须距离支点相等 h. 男孩和跷跷板必须有相同的重量。48.
所有其他条件基本相同，如果汽油中的能量含量加倍，那么每升汽油汽车应行驶的距离应为 a. 没有变化 b. 双倍 c. 四倍。如果两种燃料在同一时间内燃烧，相比低能量汽油燃烧产生的功率，高能量汽油燃烧产生的功率应为 a. 没有变化 b. 双倍 c. 四倍 49. 一个棒球棒击打一个球，施加的力为1000磅。由于球对棒施加一个阻力，棒会稍微减速，这个阻力应为 a. 远小于1000磅 b. 恰好是1000磅 c. 大于1000磅 50. 一支步枪发射子弹后会后坐。后坐速度较小是因为 a. 对步枪的力相对较小 b. 速度主要集中在子弹上 c. 步枪质量相对较大 d. 步枪的动量保持不变 e. 对步枪的冲量守恒。51. 你可能见过宇航员在“失重” chambers 中训练的照片，他们在太空中漂浮。这些 chambers 是 a. 在进行向下加速度为g的飞机中 b. 遮蔽了地球的引力场 c. 超出了引力的拉力 d. 科学奇迹 52. 早鸟通信卫星无限期地停留在地球赤道上的同一位置。这是因为 a. 除了地球引力外还有其他力作用在它上 b. 它对地球的拉力与地球对它的拉力相同 c. 它超出了主要的引力拉力 d. 它由地面控制保持在空中 e. 它绕地球运行24小时。53.
当一辆车以30英里/小时的速度转弯时，道路必须施加200磅的力，方向指向曲线的中心，以防止车辆打滑。在同样的曲线上，以60英里/小时行驶时，所需的力将是a. 100磅 c. 400磅 b. 800磅 d. 50磅 54. 当我们说一个物体以恒定速度运动时，我们指的是a. 静止 b. 以不变的速度运动 c. 在直线路径上以不变的速度运动，且其加速度是d. 均匀的 e. 持续增加（或减少）f. 零 55. 一个2千克的球以20米/秒的速度撞击一堵固体墙，然后以20米/秒的相反方向弹回。碰撞过程中球的动量变化是a. 零 b. 40千克·米/秒 c. 80千克·米/秒 d. 在不知道碰撞时间的情况下无法确定 56. 以下哪一项必须用来求解两个质量碰撞后粘在一起的物体的速度？a. 能量守恒 b. 动量守恒 c. 功-能原理 说明其他两项为什么不能使用。57. 能量和功率有什么区别？58. 为什么滑冰者将手臂收回时会转得更快？59. 质量可以被认为是对a. 重量 b. 惯性 c. 力 d. 加速度 60. 一个物体必须在加速时，如果它a. 以恒定速度运动 b. 在圆周路径上运动 c. 在直线路径上运动，因为它正在经历d. 方向 e. 速度 c. 合力 61. 假设你用200牛的力推你的1500牛的冰箱，而冰箱在厨房地板上以恒定速度滑动。
地板对冰箱的摩擦力必须是 a. 零 b. 200 N c. 1300 N d. 1500 N e. 大于1500 N，你必须施加的力是 f. 与摩擦力大小相等、方向相反 g. 行动力，而摩擦力是反作用力 h. 这两种 i. 都不是。62. 一个400 N的人站在地球表面。如果他 somehow 能够站在梯子上，使他离地球中心的距离是原来的两倍，测量到的重量将是 a. 0 N b. 100 N c. 200 N d. 400 N 这是因为 e. 他将位于大气层之上 f. 他的质量无论在哪里都是相同的 g. 重力遵循平方反比定律。63. 一颗在地球上方高轨道上运行的卫星以恒定速率运动，这是因为 a. 那里重力太弱无法加速它 b. 重力作用力与速度垂直 c. 卫星的合外力为零 d. 离心力抵消了重力。64. 地球和月球之间存在引力。地球对月球的引力是 a. 小于月球对地球的引力。b. 大于月球对地球的引力。c. 等于月球对地球的引力。这符合 d. 惯性定律 e. 开普勒定律 f. 能量守恒 g. 月球和地球围绕共同的质心运动 h. 行动与反作用力定律。65. 一个物体从静止状态被释放。
两秒后它的速度将约为a. 10 m/s b. 20 m/s c. 40 m/s，它将下落的距离约为d. 10 m e. 20 m f. 40 m 66. 一块花岗岩实际上大部分是空的，因为构成花岗岩的原子是a. 永不停息地运动 b. 没有像可能的那样紧密排列 c. 由电作用力结合在一起 d. 自身大部分是空的 67. 与在海滩上100磅的人相比，200磅的人需要的防晒霜是a. 少于两倍的量 b. 相同的量 c. 多于两倍的量