Bilingual edition: English is preserved and Chinese follows each unit. Terminology uses the confirmed v20260916 glossary; automated semantic review remains traceable.
中英双语版：英文原文完整保留，中文紧随对应单元；术语采用 v20260916 确认表，自动语义审校结果可追溯。

Stellar Lifetimes

恒星寿命

The luminosity of a star is a measure of its energy output, and therefore a measure of how rapidly it is using up its fuel supply. The lifetime of a star would be simply proportional to the mass of fuel available divided by the luminosity if the luminosity were constant. Beyond these statements, one must rely on the empirical data collected and models of that data to estimate the lifetime of a given star.

恒星的光度是其能量输出的度量，因此也是其消耗燃料速度的度量。如果光度保持不变，恒星的寿命将简单地与可用燃料的质量除以光度成正比。除此之外，必须依靠收集到的实证数据和对这些数据的模型来估计某一特定恒星的寿命。

One useful step toward modeling stellar lifetimes is the empirical mass-luminosity relationship.

建立恒星寿命模型的一个有用步骤是经验性的质量-光度关系。

Since the mass of the star is the fuel for the nuclear fusion processes, one could then presume that the lifetime on the main sequence is proportional to the stellar mass divided by the luminosity. It depends upon the fraction of mass that is actually available as nuclear fuel, and considerable effort has gone into modeling that fraction for the Sun to yield a solar lifetime of 10 x 109 years. Using that projected lifetime, the stellar lifetime can then be expressed as

由于恒星的质量是核融合过程的燃料，因此可以推测，主序星的寿命与恒星质量除以光度成正比。这取决于实际可用作核燃料的质量分数，为此已投入大量工作来对太阳进行建模，以得到太阳的寿命为10×10⁹年。利用这个预测的寿命，恒星的寿命可以表示为

For a star of mass
对于质量为
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应：1：ms。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

This model projects a lifetime of τ = x109 years

该模型预测寿命为τ = x10 9年
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应：1：lb。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

τ = million years.

τ = 百万年。
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应：1：lm。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

Note that this is just a rough model and that the number of digits in the model calculation is certainly not significant. Only the first two digits should be considered to be significant. If we take into account the range of powers commonly associated with the power relationship, the uncertainty in the model lifetime can be appreciated.

请注意，这只是一个粗略的模型，模型计算中的数字位数显然并不重要。只应考虑前两位数字是有效的。如果考虑到与功率关系通常相关的功率范围，模型寿命的不确定性就可以被认识到。

For a power of 2 in the lifetime relationship, τ = x109 years

对于寿命关系中的2次幂，τ = x10 9年
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应：1：lb2。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

For a power of 3 in the lifetime relationship, τ = x109 years

对于寿命关系中的3次幂，τ = x10 9年
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应：1：lb3。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。
 Index

Star processes

Galaxy concepts

Reference
Harwit
Ch 8
索引星处理银河概念参考Harwit第8章
 
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Star Times

星时

Star lifetimes are so vast compared to the time that we have been studying them that we must rely on modeling and the observation of stars at different stages of development to make estimates of stellar development times. Such modeling might break up the stages of development as

恒星的寿命远比我们研究它们的时间要长得多，因此我们必须依靠模型和对恒星不同发展阶段的观测来估计恒星的发展时间。这样的模型可能会将发展阶段分解为
  • Evolution to the main sequence
    向主序星演化
  • Main sequence lifetime
    主序星寿命
  • Evolution from main sequence to final stage
    主序星到最终阶段的演化
 Index

Star processes

Galaxy concepts

Reference
索引星过程银河概念参考
 
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