Magdeburg Hemispheres

马德堡半球

Shown is a small demonstration replica of the original Magdeburg hemispheres. Its diameter is 14 cm (area = 154 sq cm) so that the force of the atmosphere on its cross-sectional area is 1560 Newtons. If a small vacuum pump can remove half of the air, then the force required to pull the hemispheres apart would be about 780 Newtons or 175 pounds.

Movie

电影

图中展示的是原始马德堡半球的微型演示模型。其直径为14厘米（面积=154平方厘米），因此大气对其横截面积施加的力为1560牛顿。如果一个小型真空泵能抽出一半的空气，那么将半球分开所需的力大约为780牛顿或175磅。

Index

Atmospheric pressure demos

Pressure concepts

索引：大气压演示压力概念

HyperPhysics***** Mechanics ***** Fluids

HyperPhysics ***** 力学 ***** 流体

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Original Magdeburg Hemispheres

原始马德堡半球

Demonstration version

演示版本

Some 300 years ago, Otto von Guericke arranged a demonstration in Magdeburg, Germany to demonstrate the air pump which he had invented. He fashioned two hemispherical iron vessels which could be put together to form an airtight enclosure 22 inches in diameter. After pumping air out with his pump, he put 16 horses, eight to a side in a tug-of-war. They failed to separate the hemispheres.

三百年前，奥托·冯·格里克在德国马格德堡安排了一场演示，以展示他发明的空气泵。他制作了两个半球形的铁制容器，可以拼接成一个密封的直径为22英寸的腔体。在用泵抽出空气后，他让16匹马，每侧各8匹，进行拔河比赛，但未能将半球分开。

The force of sea-level atmospheric pressure on a circle of diameter 22 inches is 24,840 Newtons or 5,585 pounds.

海平面大气压力对直径22英寸的圆施加的力为24,840牛顿或5,585磅。