The following list of phonemes and helpful explanatory examples was collected by Dr. Bruce Murray, Department of Curriculum and Teaching, Auburn University (http://www.auburn.edu/~murraba/spellings.html). As he has made them freely available, this list may be used freely. Dr. Murray cautions that they are not always the formal phoneme symbols used by linguists, in that greek symbols and diacritical marks are not used. But most of the common phonemes used in learning to read English are included.
以下音素列表及有助于解释的例句是由 Auburn 大学（http://www.auburn.edu/~murraba/spellings.html）课程与教学系的 Bruce Murray 博士收集的。由于他已将这些内容自由地提供出来，因此该列表也可以自由使用。Murray 博士提醒读者，这些音素并非总是语言学家所使用的正式音素符号，因为其中没有使用希腊字母和重音符号。但大多数用于学习阅读英语的常见音素都已包含在内。
| Phoneme
音素 |
Spelling(s) and Example Words
拼写和示例词语 |
Meaningful Names
有意义的名称 |
| /A/ |
a (table), a_e (bake), ai (train), ay (say)
a (table), a_e (bake), ai (train), ay (say)（专名或术语） |
Long A; Fonzie's greeting
Long A; Fonzie's greeting（专名或术语） |
| /a/ |
a (flat)
a (flat)（专名或术语） |
Crying baby; baby lamb; home alone
哭泣的婴儿；小羊羔；独自在家 |
| /b/ |
b (ball)
b (球) |
Beating heart; drum
搏动的心脏；鼓 |
| /k/ |
c (cake), k (key), ck (back)
c (蛋糕), k (钥匙), ck (后) |
Nutcracker; golf shot; camera
奶嘴；高尔夫球击球；相机 |
| /d/ |
d (door)
门（d） |
Knocking; dribbling ball
敲击；滚动的球 |
| /E/ |
e (me), ee (feet), ea (leap), y (baby)
e（me），ee（feet），ea（leap），y（baby） |
Long E; shriek
长E；尖叫 |
| /e/ |
e (pet), ea (head)
e (pet), ea (head)（专名或术语） |
Rocking chair; creaky door; hard of hearing
摇椅；吱呀作响的门；听力差的人 |
| /f/ |
f (fix), ph (phone)
f (fix), ph (phone)（专名或术语） |
Angry cat; clothes brush; electric fan; soda fizz
愤怒的猫；衣物刷；电风扇；苏打气泡 |
| /g/ |
g (gas)
g (气体) |
Croaking frog, gulping soda
Croaking frog, gulping soda（专名或术语） |
| /h/ |
h (hot)
h (hot)（专名或术语） |
Out of breath; warm breath; tired dog
喘气；暖气；疲倦的狗 |
| /I/ |
i (I), i_e (bite), igh (light), y (sky)
光 |
Long I
长一 |
| /i/ |
i (sit)
i (坐) |
Crying puppy; icky sticky; baby pig
哭狗；黏腻滑稽；小猪 |
| /j/ |
j (jet), dge (edge), g[e, i, y] (gem)
j (jet), dge (edge), g[e, i, y] (gem)（专名或术语） |
Scrub brush; wood rasp; jump rope
Scrub brush; wood rasp; jump rope（专名或术语） |
| /l/ |
l (lamp)
l (灯泡) |
Flying saucer; mixer
飞碟；搅拌器 |
| /m/ |
m (my)
m (my)（专名或术语） |
Mmm mmm good; delicious sound
嗯，嗯，好味道；美味的声音 |
| /n/ |
n (no), kn (knock)
n (no), kn (knock)（专名或术语） |
Mosquito; motorboat
蚊子；摩托艇 |
| /O/ |
o (okay), o_e (bone), oa (soap), ow (low)
o (okay), o_e (bone), oa (soap), ow (low)（专名或术语） |
Long O; Oh, I see
Long O；哦，我明白了 |
| /o/ |
o (hot)
o (热) |
Say ah; doctor sound; cool drink; yawn
说啊；医生的声音；凉饮料；打哈欠 |
| /p/ |
p (pie)
p（π） |
Popcorn; water drip; stone skip; soap bubbles
爆米花；水滴；石子跳；肥皂泡 |
| /kw/
千瓦 |
qu (quick)
qu (快速) |
Coffee pot; typewriter
咖啡机；打字机 |
| /r/ |
r (road), wr (wrong), er (her), ir (sir), ur (fur)
r (road), wr (wrong), er (her), ir (sir), ur (fur)（专名或术语） |
Chain saw; angry lion; robot; growling dog
链锯；怒吼的狮子；机器人；咆哮的狗 |
| /s/ |
s (say), c[e, i, y] (cent)
s (say), c[e, i, y] (cent)（专名或术语） |
Flat tire; hair spray; sizzling bacon
扁胎；发胶；煎炒 bacon |
| /t/ |
t (time)
t (时间) |
Ticking clock; timer; automatic sprinkler
时钟；定时器；自动喷灌系统 |
| /U/ |
u (future), u_e (use), ew (few)
u (future), u_e (use), ew (few)（专名或术语） |
Long U
长U |
| /u/ |
u (thumb), a (about), e (loaded), o (wagon)
u（拇指），a（大约），e（装满），o（马车） |
I dunno; mother bear; punch in the stomach; foghorn
我不知道；母熊；打胃；雾号 |
| /v/ |
v (voice)
v (声音) |
Electric shaver; airplane; vacuum
电动剃须刀；飞机；真空 |
| /w/ |
w (wash)
w (洗) |
Lariat; fly rod; washing machine
拉力杆；飞 rod；洗衣机 |
| /ks/ or /gz/
/ks/ 或 /gz/ |
x (box, exam)
x（盒，考试） |
Soda can; grease gun
易拉罐；注油枪 |
| /y/ |
y (yes)
是（yes） |
Sticky mess
粘腻的污垢 |
| /z/ |
z (zoo), s (nose)
z（动物园），s（鼻子） |
Buzzing bee; arc welder; zipper
嗡嗡蜂；弧焊机；拉链 |
| /OO/
OO |
oo (boot), u (truth), u_e (rude), ew (chew)
oo (boot), u (truth), u_e (rude), ew (chew)（专名或术语） |
Ghost; howling wolf; owl
幽灵；嚎叫的狼；猫头鹰 |
| /oo/
/oo/（专名或术语） |
oo (book), u (put)
oo（书），u（放） |
Lifting weights; chin-up bar
举重；吊环 |
| /oi/
/oi/（专名或术语） |
oi (soil), oy (toy)
oi（土壤），oy（玩具） |
Seal; squeaky gate; spring
密封；吱呀门；弹簧 |
| /ou/
/ou/（专名或术语） |
ou (out), ow (cow)
ou（输出），ow（cow） |
It hurts; inoculation; sting
它会痛；接种；刺痛 |
| /aw/
/aw/（专名或术语） |
aw (saw), au (caught), a[l] (tall)
aw (saw), au (caught), a[l] (tall)（专名或术语） |
Poor thing; crow
可怜的乌鸦 |
| /ar/
ar |
ar (car)
ar (car)（专名或术语） |
Spinning tire; grinding gears; gargle
旋转的轮胎；磨合齿轮；咯咯声 |
| /sh/
sh |
sh (ship), ti (nation), ci (special)
(船)、(国家)、(特殊) |
Be quiet; watering the lawn
安静；给草坪浇水 |
| /hw/
hw |
wh (white)
wh (white)（专名或术语） |
Blow out the candle
吹灭蜡烛 |
| /ch/
ch |
ch (chest), tch (catch)
ch（胸），tch（抓） |
Old train; antique car; chipmunk
旧火车；古董汽车；花鼠 |
| /th/ or /th/
或 |
th (thick, this)
th (厚，此) |
Peeling tape; angry goose; wet shoes
剥落胶带；愤怒的鹅；湿鞋子 |
| /ng/
无 |
ng (sing), n (think)
（单数）n |
Gong; string bass
Gong; string bass（专名或术语） |
| /zh/
/zh/（专名或术语） |
s (measure)
s (测量) |
Sawing wood; sander
锯木；砂纸 |