Gold
 |  | These examples of natural gold nuggets are on display at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. The gold nugget at far left is about 15 cm long. It was found in California. 这些天然金块陈列在史密森尼自然历史博物馆中。最左边的金块长约15厘米，发现于加利福尼亚州。
The two samples near left are from Whitehall mine, Spotsylvania County, Virginia. The bottom sample is about 12 cm long.  This 2.5 cm nugget is from Amador County, California. 这个2.5厘米的矿石来自加利福尼亚州的阿马多县。
 This 1.5 cm sample is from Grass Valley district, Nevada County, California. 这个1.5厘米的样本来自加利福尼亚州内华达县格拉斯谷区。
左边两个样本来自弗吉尼亚州斯波茨瓦纳县的怀特霍尔矿。下面的样本长约12厘米。 |
 This gold nugget is from Yukon, Alaska and is about 9 cm long. 这块黄金是从阿拉斯加尤金开采的，长约9厘米。 |  这块矿石来自新墨西哥州科尔法克斯县的Maxwell Land Grant，长约7厘米。 |
This is a collection of gold samples from Rosia-Montana, Transylvania, Romania. The largest sample is about 10x15 cm and they are all shown at the same scale.
The two samples at left are from Mother Lode district, California. In the center is a sample from Placerville, California. The group of three samples at right are from Forest Hill District, Placer County, California. The left sample is about 8x10 cm and all are shown at the same scale.
 | This massive gold sample is from Union Placer mine, California. Its mass is 2544 grams and it is about 25 cm long. 这个来自加利福尼亚联合 placer 矿的金样品质量很大，其质量为2544克，长度约为25厘米。 |
Top left: gold with quartz from Victoria, Australia, top center: gold with calcite from Australia, top right: gold from the Orinoco Valley, Venezuela, bottom left: gold from Colombia, bottom right: gold from Nova Scotia, Canada. The top left sample is about 4 x 6 cm and all samples are shown at the same scale.
These are all samples of gold from Grass Valley district, Nevada County, California. The largest sample at the bottom is about 12 cm across and all samples are displayed at the same scale.
 这些样本来自加利福尼亚州的placer县。最大的那个大约高9厘米。 |  这是来自加利福尼亚州索诺拉州的赛尔矿的金，含有高钛石和石英。其最大尺寸约为11厘米。 |
This large gold sample has a mass of 1612 grams and is from Eureka mine, California. It is almost 50 cm long!
 These samples are from Shore mine, Tuolumne County, California. The largest is about 10 cm wide. 这些样本来自加利福尼亚州图卢门县的肖尔矿。最大的样本宽约10厘米。 |  The large sample of gold ribbon above right is from Shore mine, Tuolumne County, California. It is about 35 cm tall. The smaller sample is also from California. The largest sample, called the triple ribbon, has a mass of 455 grams. It was found almost a hundred years after the 1848 gold rush in that part of California. 右上方的大型金箔样品来自加利福尼亚州图卢兹县的肖尔矿。它高约35厘米。较小的样品也来自加利福尼亚州。最大的样品称为三重箔，其质量为455克。它是在1848年淘金热之后几乎百年才在该地区发现的。
|
| These gold nuggets are shown at comparable scales, the largest sample being about 9x5 cm. Clockwise from top left, the samples are from: Alaska; Alaska; Unknown; Farrara Gulch, Arizona; Rogue River, Oregon. 这些金块在相似的尺度下展示，最大的样本大约为9x5厘米。从左上角开始顺时针排列的样本分别来自：阿拉斯加；阿拉斯加；未知；亚利桑那州的弗拉拉溪；俄勒冈州的罗杰河。 |  |
 加利福尼亚州的金矿石含石英。样品尺寸约为8厘米乘10厘米。 |  这块金矿石中含有石英，采自加利福尼亚州卡利弗拉斯县，尺寸约为4 x 5厘米。 |
 This is gold with pyrite and galena from Snettisharm district, Juneau, Alaska. It is almost cubic with a dimension of about 8 to 10 cm.  这是一块来自朱诺市苏特希哈姆地区的金矿石，含有黄铁矿和方铅矿，于阿拉斯加Juneau六月采样。其尺寸约为8到10厘米见方。这块含有石英的金矿石采自马里兰州蒙哥马利县，长度约为13厘米。  This unusual gold sample with a granular appearance is from Colorado. It is about 3 x 5 cm in size. 这种外观颗粒状的黄金样品来自科罗拉多州，大小约为3厘米乘5厘米。 |
 The sample above with gold embedded in quartz was photographed in the private collection of Bob Erdman. It's maximum dimension is about 2.5 cm. 上面带有金粒的石英样本存于Bob Erdman的私人收藏中，其最大尺寸约为2.5厘米。
 This sample is gold with galena from Gilpin County, Colorado. It is about 10 x 10 cm. 这种样本来自科罗拉多州吉尔pin县，含有黄铜矿。尺寸约为10厘米×10厘米。  This gold sample is from the Sam Christian claim, Montgomery County, North Carolina. It is about 9 cm long. 这块黄金样品来自北卡罗来纳州蒙哥马利县的Sam Christian矿区，长约9厘米。 |
 | This sample of California gold is about 9 x 13 cm. 这块加利福尼亚金块大约是9厘米乘13厘米。 |
Mindat: Gold
| Minerals
矿物 |
| Selection of common minerals
常见矿物的选择 |
| HyperPhysics*****Geophysics
HyperPhysics ***** 地球物理学 | R Nave |