Fluorite

氟石

The mineral fluorite, CaF₂, occurs in forms which are hard and brilliant enough to be made into gems. These examples of fluorite are on display at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. The wide variety of colors available in fluorite gems led to comment in the Smithsonian display that fluorite may exhibit more color variations than any other mineral. Defects in the atomic structure as well as impurities can give rise to color. Impurities or vacancies of a few parts per million are enough to tint a colorless crystal. The gems at left are 57.8 and 99.8 carats and are from South Africa.

氟石（CaF₂）以硬度和光泽足够制成宝石的形式出现。这些氟石宝石陈列在史密松尼自然历史博物馆。氟石宝石所具有的广泛颜色引起了史密松尼展览的评论，认为氟石可能比其他任何矿物都具有更多的颜色变化。原子结构的缺陷以及杂质可以使晶体呈现颜色。少量的杂质或空位（每百万分之一）就足以使无色晶体染上颜色。左边的宝石重57.8和99.8克拉，来自南非。

This large fluorite gem is about 8cm across.

这块较大的 fluorite 宝石直径约为8厘米。

This 611.5 carat gem is from New South Wales, Australia. It scales to about 5 cm wide.

这颗611.5克拉的宝石来自澳大利亚新南威尔士州，尺寸约为5厘米宽。

The fluorite gem at left is 118.7 carats and is from Weardale, Durham, England.

左图中的 fluorite 宝石重 118.7 求，产自英格兰达勒姆郡的 Weardale。

The gems at right are 46.9 and 69.8 carats and are from Hardin County, Illinois.

右边的宝石重46.9和69.8克拉，来自伊利诺伊州哈丁县。

The fluorite gems at left are 229.3 and 237.2 carats and are from Westmoreland, New Hampshire.

左图中的 fluorite 珠宝重229.3和237.2克拉，来自新罕布什尔州westmoreland。

The top gem at right is 107.8 carats from Mexico, and the bottom gem is 234.6 carats from Tanzania. They are shown at the same scale.

右上方的宝石来自墨西哥，重107.8克拉；下方的宝石来自坦桑尼亚，重234.6克拉。它们以相同的比例显示。

These fluorite gems are 354.1 and 492.1carats and are from Korea.

这些 fluorite 宝石重354.1和492.1克拉，来自韩国。

Fluorite crystals typically range in color from blue to violet. These gems are of size 86.9 and 118.5 carats from Hardin County, Illinois.

fluorite 晶体通常颜色从蓝色到紫色不等。这些宝石的大小为 86.9 和 118.5 克拉，来自伊利诺伊州哈丁县。

At left is a 348.3 carat fluorite gem from Korea. At right are 12.9 and 48.4 carat gems from Goschenertal, Uri, Switzerland.

左边是一颗来自韩国的348.3克拉 fluorite 宝石。右边是来自瑞士乌里州Goschenertal的12.9克拉和48.4克拉宝石。

The top pair of fluorite gems at left are 729.3 and 69.3 carats and are from Colombia. The bottom left gem is 52.7 carats. They are at the same scale. The three fluorite gems at right above are 17.2, 353.8 and 104.3 carats and are from Hardin County, Illinois. The isolated yellow fluorite gem at top right is 39.7 carats and is from England.

The fluorite gems at left are 847.4 and 84.7 carats and are from Elmwood mine, Carthage, Tennessee.

左图中的 fluorite 珠宝重分别为 847.4 和 84.7 克拉，来自田纳西州卡瑟尔格的 Elmwood 矿。

These gems are 203.4 and 42.5 carats and are from Weardale, Durham, England.

这些宝石重203.4和42.5克拉，来自英格兰达勒姆郡的韦尔德莱。

左上角的两颗 fluorite 宝石分别为 729.3 和 69.3 克拉，来自哥伦比亚。左下角的宝石为 52.7 克拉，它们在同一体系下测量。右上方的三颗 fluorite 宝石分别为 17.2、353.8 和 104.3 克拉，来自伊利诺伊州哈丁县。右上角孤立的黄色 fluorite 宝石为 39.7 克拉，来自英国。