Sulfur
硫
Ordinary sulfur is a yellow solid substance which forms crystals with orthorhombic symmetry. It is insoluble in water, but can be dissolved in carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, and similar non-polar solvents.
普通硫是一种黄色固体，具有正交对称性的晶体结构。它不溶于水，但可溶于二硫化碳、四氯化碳等非极性溶剂。
This form of sulfur melts at 112.8°C to form a straw colored liquid, which then recrystalizes upon cooling to a monoclinic crystalline form.
这种硫在112.8°C时熔化成淡黄色液体，冷却后重新结晶为单斜晶系。
Sulfur liquid at temperatures around 120°C is a straw-colored liquid of low viscosity, As the liquid is heated, it gradually darkens in color and becomes more viscous. At about 200°C it is a dark red mass which cannot be poured out of its container. Most substances decrease in viscosity with increasing temperature. Sulfur is unique in that it forms long chain molecules with increasing temperature, called gamma sulfur.
在约120°C时，硫的液态是一种淡黄色、粘度较低的液体。当液体被加热时，它逐渐变暗，粘度也增加。在约200°C时，它变成一种暗红色的物质，无法从容器中倒出。大多数物质随着温度升高，粘度会降低。硫是唯一一种随着温度升高形成长链分子的物质，称为γ硫。
Sulfur has a nominal density of 2 gm/cm3, but in its rhombic crystalline form it has a density of 5.4 gm/cm3. Besides being found in pure form, sulfur can be found in minerals like gypsum, CaSO4.2H2O . Both sulfides and sulfates are important classes of minerals. A silicate mineral which contains sulfur is helvite.
硫的密度约为2克/立方厘米，但以菱形结晶形式存在时，其密度为5.4克/立方厘米。硫不仅以纯形式存在，还存在于如石膏（CaSO₄·2H₂O）等矿物中。硫化物和硫酸盐都是重要的矿物类别。含硫的硅酸盐矿物称为辉石。
This sample of sulfur is about 15x10 cm and comes from Yellowstone National Park, Wyoming. Sulfur is one of the few elements which can be found in nature in pure form. This sample is on display in the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History.
这个硫样品的尺寸约为15×10厘米，来自怀俄明州的黄石国家公园。硫是少数几种在自然界中以单质形式存在的元素之一。这个样品陈列在史密森尼国家博物馆中。
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This collection of sulfur single crystals is also a part of the Smithsonian collection of minerals.
这组硫单晶集合也是史密森尼矿物收藏的一部分。
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