The Coma Cluster

At a distance of about 99 Mpc from the Milky Way, the Coma Cluster is a major cluster containing over 1,000 identified galaxies. It is formally identified as Abell 1656. An even larger collection of galaxies referred to at the Coma Supercluster contains the Coma Cluster and the Leo Cluster along with others. Most of the galaxies in the Coma Cluster are elliptical galaxies, and its central region has two supergiant ellipticals with identifiers NGC 4874 and NGC 4889. There are also S0 galaxies but only a small number of spiral galaxies.

在银河系约99 Mpc处，室女座星团是一个主要的星团，包含超过1000个已确认的星系。它正式命名为阿贝尔1656。一个更大的星系集合被称为室女超星团，其中包括室女座星团和室女座星团以及其他星团。室女座星团中的大多数星系都是椭圆星系，其中心区域有两个超巨星椭圆星系，其标识符为NGC 4874和NGC 4889。此外还有S0星系，但螺旋星系的数量非常少。

The above image is a mosaic of a small portion of Coma which was taken in 2006 by the Hubble Space Telescope to investigate how galaxies in rich clusters form and evolve. Most galaxies in Coma and other clusters are ellipticals, although some imaged here are clearly spirals. Almost every visible object in the picture is a galaxy.

上述图像是一幅由哈勃太空望远镜于2006年拍摄的室女座星团一小部分的拼接图，用于研究星团中星系的形成和演化。室女座和其他星团中的大多数星系都是椭圆星系，尽管其中一些星系在这里显然呈现螺旋结构。图中几乎每一个可见的天体都是一个星系。

The Coma cluster is significant historically as the first place where there was an indication of dark matter in addition to the calculated visible masses of the galaxies. In 1933 Fritz Zwicky used calculated masses and observed speeds to conclude that the galaxies were moving too fast to be accounted for by the visible masses of the galaxies.

室女座星团在历史上具有重要意义，因为它首次表明除了恒星质量之外还存在暗物质。1933年，弗里茨·兹威基利用计算出的质量和观测到的速度得出结论，即星团中的星系运动速度过高，无法用可见质量来解释。