Electric Guitar Pickups

Electric guitars depend upon the electrical pickup of the string vibration, in contrast to acoustic guitars. The original pickups consisted of magnets wrapped with fine wire pickup coils which interacted with strings made of steel or nickel which are ferromagnetic. The motion of the steel string close to the magnetic core of the coil changed the magnetic flux in the coil, generating a varying voltage by Faraday's law. This voltage could be amplified to produce a sound from loudspeakers. Such pickups were used on the early Gibson guitars. Arrays of these single-coil pickups were used on the Fender Telecaster and Stratocaster solid body electric guitars.

电吉他依赖于琴弦振动的电气拾音器，与原声吉他不同。最初的拾音器由缠绕细线圈的磁铁组成，这些磁铁与由钢或镍制成的琴弦相互作用，而这些琴弦是铁磁性的。当钢弦靠近线圈的磁芯时，会改变线圈中的磁通量，根据法拉第定律产生变化的电压。这种电压可以被放大，从而通过扬声器发出声音。这种拾音器曾用于早期的吉布森吉他。多组这样的单线圈拾音器被用于芬达特雷卡斯特和斯特拉卡斯特固体制电吉他。

Since single-coil pickups were prone to pick up stray 60Hz "hum" voltages from 60-Hz electrical circuits around them, two counter-wound coils were soon used by the Gibson company and dubbed "humbucking" pickups.

由于单线圈拾音器容易拾取到周围60赫兹电路中的60赫兹‘嗡嗡’电压，吉布森公司很快采用了两个反向缠绕的线圈，这种拾音器被称为‘ humbucking ’拾音器。

The piezoelectric effect can also be used for guitar pickups; such pickups are often used for acoustic guitars. They typically have preamps associated with them to boost and equalize the signal.

压电效应也可用于吉他拾音器；这类拾音器常用于民谣吉他。它们通常配备前置放大器以增强和均衡信号。

Optical pickups came into use in the 1990s for bass guitars. Consisting of an infrared LED and detector pair, these pickups can be thought of as imaging the shadow of the string as it passed over the detector. These detectors have been built onto the bridge of the guitar.

光学拾音器在1990年代被用于低音吉他。这些拾音器由一个红外LED和探测器组成，可以被认为是在弦经过探测器时对其阴影进行成像。这些探测器被安装在吉他桥上。