Calcite

方解石

The varieties of calcite, CaCO₃, are so numerous and so varied that an entire display case at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History is devoted to just calcite. Calcite is the most abundant of the carbonate minerals. The sample shown at left is called cobaltian calcite. Pure calcite is colorless, but a few atoms of cobalt replacing some of the calcium atoms produces the pink tint. The sample is about 9x12 cm.

方解石（CaCO₃）的种类非常多，差异也很大，以至于史密森尼自然历史博物馆有一个整个展柜专门用来展示方解石。方解石是碳酸盐矿物中最为丰富的种类。图中所示的样品称为钴方解石。纯方解石是无色的，但若某些钙原子被钴原子取代，就会产生粉红色。该样品尺寸约为9x12厘米。

All these samples are part of the gem and mineral exhibit at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History.

所有这些样本都是大都会自然历史博物馆宝石和矿物展览的一部分。

This sample is described as calcite with cuprite inclusions. It is from New Cornelia open pit mine, Ajo, Arizona. It is about 6 cm across.

这种样本含有方解石和杯状石包裹体，采自亚利桑那州阿乔的纽科罗尼娅露天矿，直径约6厘米。

This 3.9 carat gem is from Spain.

这颗3.9克拉的宝石来自西班牙。

This 122.3 carat gem is from Chihuahua, Mexico.

这颗122.3克拉的宝石来自墨西哥的奇瓦瓦州。

The calcite gem above is 52.3 carats and is from Balmat, New York. At right is a 110.7 carat calcite gem from Africa.

上方的钙长石宝石重52.3克拉，来自纽约的巴尔玛特。右侧是一颗来自非洲的110.7克拉钙长石宝石。

The large calcite gem at right is 1865 carats and is from Balmat, New York.

This oval-cut calcite gem is about 8x6 cm.

右侧的大型石英宝石重1865克拉，来自纽约的巴尔玛特。这块椭圆形切割的石英宝石尺寸约为8x6厘米。

This faceted calcite ball is about 3.5x3.5 cm.

这个多面体方解石球大约是3.5×3.5厘米。

The red calcite gem above is 150.6 carats and the gem at right is 70.2 carats. They are from Baja California, Mexico.

上方的红色石英宝石重150.6克拉，右边的宝石重70.2克拉。它们来自墨西哥下加利福尼亚。

This huge single crystal of calcite is about 30x45 cm and is from Iceberg claim, Dixon, New Mexico. It shows the characteristic calcite geometry and shows the large birefringence of calcite in the double image of the text placed behind it.

这块巨大的单晶体方解石大约30x45厘米，来自新墨西哥州Dixon的Iceberg矿区。它显示出方解石的典型几何结构，并在文本背后所形成的双像中表现出方解石显著的双折射性。

The calcite specimen at left is about 10 cm wide and is from South Dakota.

左边的方解石样品宽约10厘米，来自南达科他州。

Mindat: 方解石