Neodymium-YAG Laser

钕-掺杂的YAG激光器

An example of a solid-state laser, the neodymium-YAG uses the Nd³⁺ ion to dope the yttrium-aluminum-garnet (YAG) host crystal to produce the triplet geometry which makes population inversion possible. Neodymium-YAG lasers have become very important because they can be used to produce high powers. Such lasers have been constructed to produce over a kilowatt of continuous laser power at 1065 nm and can achieve extremely high powers in a pulsed mode.

一个固体激光器的例子是掺钕钇铝石榴石（Nd:YAG）激光器，它利用Nd³+离子掺杂yttrium-aluminum-garnet（YAG）宿主晶体，产生三重态几何结构，这使得粒子数反转成为可能。Nd:YAG激光器变得非常重要，因为它们可以用来产生高功率。这类激光器已被制造出来，能够在1065 nm处产生超过千瓦的连续激光功率，并且在脉冲模式下可以实现极高的功率。

Neodymium-YAG lasers are used in pulse mode in laser oscillators for the production of a series of very short pulses for research with femtosecond time resolution.

钕-YAG激光器在激光振荡器中以脉冲模式使用，用于产生一系列极短的脉冲，以实现飞秒时间分辨率的研究。

Index

Laser concepts

Laser types

Reference
Boraiko

索引激光概念激光类型参考 Boraiko

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Neodymium-Glass Lasers

钕-玻璃激光器

Neodymium glass lasers have emerged as the design choice for research in laser-initiated thermonuclear fusion. These pulsed lasers generate pulses as short as 10^-12 seconds with peak powers of 10⁹ kilowatts.

钕玻璃激光器已成为激光引发的核融合研究中的首选设计。这些脉冲激光器可产生最短为10⁻¹²秒的脉冲，峰值功率可达10⁹千瓦。

Laser nuclear fusion

激光核融合

Index

Laser concepts

Laser types

Reference
Ohanian
Essay X

索引激光概念激光类型参考 Ohanian 文章 X

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Ruby Laser

Ruby Laser（专名或术语）

The ruby laser is the first type of laser actually constructed, first demonstrated in 1960 by T. H. Maiman. The ruby mineral (corundum) is aluminum oxide with a small amount (about 0.05%) of chromium which gives it its characteristic pink or red color by absorbing green and blue light.

红宝石激光是第一种实际构造出的激光，1960年由T. H. Maiman首次演示。红宝石矿物（刚玉）是氧化铝，其中含有少量（约0.05%）的铬，使其呈现出特征的粉红色或红色，这是因为铬吸收了绿色和蓝色的光。

The ruby laser is used as a pulsed laser, producing red light at 694.3 nm. After receiving a pumping flash from the flash tube, the laser light emerges for as long as the excited atoms persist in the ruby rod, which is typically about a millisecond.

红宝石激光器用作脉冲激光器，产生波长为694.3纳米的红光。在接收到闪光管的泵浦脉冲后，激光光会持续发出，只要激发态原子在红宝石棒中持续存在，这通常持续约一毫秒。

A pulsed ruby laser was used for the famous laser ranging experiment which was conducted with a corner reflector placed on the Moon by the Apollo astronauts. This determined the distance to the Moon with an accuracy of about 15 cm.

一种脉冲红宝石激光被用于著名的激光测距实验，该实验由阿波罗宇航员在月球上放置的角反射器进行。这确定了月球的距离，精度约为15厘米。