Chlorine
氯
Chlorine is the most common of the halogens. It is not as chemically active as fluorine, but is still very active and forms compounds with most elements. In pure form, it is a greenish-yellow gas with a sharp, irritating odor. It is manufactured on a large scale by electrolysis of concentrated solutions of sodium chloride.
氯是卤族中最常见的元素。它不如氟化学活性高，但仍然非常活跃，能与大多数元素形成化合物。纯氯是一种绿色的气体，具有刺鼻的气味。它通过电解浓盐溶液大规模生产。
Chlorine is a strong oxidizing agent and as a result is effective in killing bacteria. This has led to widespread use in the sterilization of drinking water, for swimming pools, etc.
氯是一种强氧化剂，因此在杀灭细菌方面效果显著。这导致其被广泛用于饮用水的灭菌、游泳池等场合。
Hydrogen chloride, HCl, is a gas with a sharp unpleasant odor. The gas dissolves readily in water with the liberation of heat. This forms hydrochloric acid, a very strong acid.
盐酸（HCl）是一种有刺鼻气味的气体。该气体易溶于水，并放出热量，形成盐酸，这是一种很强的酸。
Chlorine is a constituent of many mineral crystals. From simple clear ionic crystals like halite, NaCl, to more complex halide containing minerals like the yellow crystals of mimetite, Pb5(AsO4)3Cl, chlorides show a range of colors.
One lead chloride mineral is mendipite, PbO2Cl2.
A chloride of copper and lead is diaboleite. A chloride of lead and antimony is nadorite, PbSbO2Cl. Lead with chlorine and fluorine form matlockite. Other lead-containing chloride minerals are boleite, cumengite and laurionite. Chlorine is in the lead-containing carbonate mineral phosgenite. Chlorine appears with copper in atacamite.
Chlorine appears in the phosphate mineral chlorapatite. It appears with copper in the sulfate mineral connellite. Chlorine is a component with mercury in the sulfate mineral kleinite. Chlorine is found in the silicate mineral marialite.
氯出现在磷酸盐矿物氯磷石中。它出现在硫酸盐矿物连镍石中与铜共存。氯是硫酸盐矿物克莱纳石中与汞共存的成分。氯存在于硅酸盐矿物马里亚特中。
氯是许多矿物晶体的组成部分。从简单的透明离子晶体如岩盐（NaCl），到更复杂的含卤化物的矿物，如黄色的黄铁矿（Pb₅(AsO₄)₃Cl），氯化物显示出各种颜色。一种含铅的氯化物矿物是明矾石（PbO₂Cl₂）。铜和铅的氯化物是二巴勒石（diaboleite）。铅和锑的氯化物是纳多石（PbSbO₂Cl）。铅与氯和氟形成马特洛克石。其他含铅的氯化物矿物还有波莱石、库门石和劳里翁石。氯出现在含铅的碳酸盐矿物磷酸钙石中。氯也与铜一起出现在阿塔卡米特中。 Chlorine appears in the carbonate mineral northupite.
氯出现在碳酸盐矿物北普伊特中 |
