Potassium
钾
 | Potassium, like the other alkali metals (Group I), is a silvery-white metal of very high chemical reactivity.
钾与其他碱金属（第I组）一样，是一种化学活性极高的银白色金属。
Potassium is one of the big 8 elements in the Earth's crust, being the seventh most abundant element at about 2.6% by weight. It is a constituent of many silicates including the orthoclase form of feldspar, one of the most abundant minerals on the earth. A silicate with aluminum, KAlSi3O8, forms the mineral microcline, which can be apple green to brown in color. A sulfate mineral of iron and potassium is jarosite.
钾是地壳中八大元素之一，按重量计算是第七丰富的元素，约占2.6%。它是许多硅酸盐的组成部分，包括斜长石的一种形式，即地球上最丰富的矿物之一。含有铝的硅酸盐，KAlSi₃O₈，形成矿物微斜长石，其颜色可呈苹果绿至棕色。一种含铁和钾的硫酸盐矿物是 jarosite。
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Potassium chloride, KCl, forms colorless cubic crystals, resembling those of sodium chloride. Large deposits of potassium chloride are found at Stassfurt, Germany and near Carlsbad, New Mexico. It is also obtained from the Searles Lake in the Mojave Desert of California.
氯化钾（KCl）形成无色的立方晶体，其形态与氯化钠相似。氯化钾在德国斯塔斯富特和美国新墨西哥州卡尔斯巴德附近有大量储藏。它也可以从加利福尼亚州莫哈韦沙漠的塞勒斯湖中获得。
Potassium hydroxide, KOH, is a strongly alkaline substance.
氢氧化钾，KOH，是一种强碱性物质
Potassium hydrogen tartrate (KHC4H4O6), called cream of tartar, is a constituent of grape juice. It is used in making baking powder.
钾氢 tartarate（KHC₄H₄O₆），也称为塔塔酸钾，是葡萄汁的成分之一。它用于制作发酵粉。
The principal use of potassium is as a fertilizer. Plant fluids contain large amounts of potassium ion which has been concentrated from the soil. Potassium sulfate and other salts of potassium are used to replace the soil potassium if it becomes depleted.
钾的主要用途是作为肥料。植物中的流体含有大量钾离子，这些离子是从土壤中浓缩而来的。如果土壤中的钾变得缺乏，就会使用硫酸钾和其他钾盐来补充。
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Index
Periodic Table
Chemistry concepts
Reference
Pauling
Ch. 26
索引 元素周期表 化学概念 参考 Pauling 第26章 |
