Magnesium
镁
Magnesium is a very light metal. Only calcium and the alkali metals are lighter. This low density is used to advantage in alloys like magnalium (10% magnesium, 90% aluminum).
镁是一种非常轻的金属。只有钙和碱金属更轻。这种低密度在制造如镁铝合金（10%镁，90%铝）时得到了充分利用。
Magnesium reacts with boiling water to form magnesium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
镁与沸水反应生成氢氧化镁和氢气
The metal burns in air with a bright white light, leading to application in flares. Magnesium powder and an oxidizing agent is used as flash powder.
金属在空气中燃烧时发出明亮的白光，因此被用于信号弹。镁粉和氧化剂混合物用作闪光粉。
Magnesium oxide, MgO is called magnesia and is used medically for neutralizing excess stomach acid and as a laxative ("milk of magnesia" is MgO in water).
氢氧化镁，MgO 叫做镁粉，用于中和过多的胃酸以及作为泻药（“镁粉”是 MgO 的水溶液）。
Magnesium sulfate, MgSO4.7H2O is called Epsom salt and is used as a cleansing agent.
硫酸镁七水合物称为芒硝，用作清洁剂。
Magnesium is a key component in chlorophyll, the molecule in green plants which helps transform sunlight and carbon dioxide into water and sugar.
镁是叶绿素的关键成分，叶绿素是绿色植物中帮助将阳光和二氧化碳转化为水和糖的分子。
Magnesium is the final member of the big 8 elements in the Earth's crust, being the eighth most abundant element at about 2.1% by weight. Magnesium is contained in the carbonate minerals dolomite, CaMg(CO3)3, magnesite MgCO3 and artenite Mg2CO3(OH)2.3H2O. It appears with iron in the carbonate pyroaurite and in the mineral Hulsite. It appears with boron in the fibrous mineral Szaibelyite. Magnesium is found with boron in the oxide minerals inderite and kurnakovite. It appears with copper in the carbonate mineral Callaghanite. It appears with chromium in the carbonate mineral stichtite. The compound with boron is called boracite. Another oxide with boron (borate) with iron and titanium is warwickite. With aluminum it forms the oxide mineral spinel. It forms an oxide along with manganese and other metals in the mineral birnessite. Magnesium forms the hydroxide Mg(OH)2 which in mineral form is called Brucite.
镁是地壳中大8元素中的最后一个成员，其在地壳中的含量约为2.1%（按重量计）。镁存在于碳酸盐矿物 dolomite（CaMg(CO3)3）、magnesite（MgCO3）和 artenite（Mg2CO3(OH)2·3H2O）中。它与铁一起出现在碳酸盐矿物 pyroaurite 和矿物 hulsite 中。它与硼一起出现在纤维状矿物 Szaibelyite 中。镁在氧化物矿物 inderite 和 kurnakovite 中与硼共存。它与铜一起出现在碳酸盐矿物 Callaghanite 中。它与铬一起出现在碳酸盐矿物 stichtite 中。与硼形成的化合物称为 boracite。另一种含硼的氧化物（硼酸盐）与铁和钛共存的矿物是 warwickite。它与铝形成氧化物矿物 spinel。它与锰和其他金属一起形成矿物 birnessite。镁形成氢氧化物 Mg(OH)2，这种氢氧化物在矿物中称为 brucite。
Magnesium appears in the carbonate mineral Benstonite.
Magnesium appears with zinc and arsenic in the silicate mcgovernite. Magnesium, along with iron, is a constituent of the fibrous silicate minerals which were collectively given the commercial name asbestos. Those minerals include tremolite, riebeckite and grunerite. Another fibrous magnesium silicate without iron is chrysotile. Another silicate of magnesium is talc, Mg3Si3O10(OH)3. As the ingredient of baby powders and other talcum products, it certainly has a more benign image than those magnesium silicates which make up asbestos.
镁与锌和砷一起出现在硅酸盐矿石mcgovernite中。镁与铁一起是构成纤维状硅酸盐矿物的成分，这些矿物被统称为石棉。这些矿物包括 tremolite、riebeckite 和 grunerite。另一种不含铁的纤维状镁硅酸盐是 chrysotile。另一种镁硅酸盐是 talc，其化学式为 Mg₃Si₃O₁₀(OH)₃。作为婴儿爽身粉和其他滑石制品的成分，它显然比构成石棉的镁硅酸盐具有更温和的形象。
Magnesium silicate of composition MgSiO3 occurs in the mineral form enstatite which is sometimes of gem quality. The mineral forsterite, Mg2SiO4, is used for green gems. Magnesium with calcium forms the gem mineral diopside which has the composition CaMgSi2O6. Magnesium appears with manganese and arsenic in the silicate Ardennite. Magnesium appears with fluorine in the silicate Norbergite.
组成 MgSiO3 的镁硅酸盐以矿物形式存在为恩斯塔特石，有时具有宝石品质。用于绿色宝石的矿物为辉石，其化学式为 Mg2SiO4。镁与钙形成宝石矿物角闪石，其化学式为 CaMgSi2O6。镁与锰和砷共同存在于硅酸盐矿物阿登尼特中。镁与氟共同存在于硅酸盐矿物诺尔贝格石中。
Magnesium phosphate forms the mineral Newberyite. Magnesium appears with aluminum and iron in the phosphate lazulite . Magnesium, iron and manganese form the phosphate mineral ludlamite.
Roselite is an arsenate that contains cobalt, magnesium and calcium and forms red crystals.
镁出现在碳酸盐矿物贝斯顿石中。镁磷酸盐形成矿物纽伯利石。镁、铝和铁在磷酸盐矿物 lazulite 中共存。镁、铁和锰形成磷酸盐矿物卢德洛石。罗斯利特是一种含有钴、镁和钙的砷酸盐，形成红色晶体。 |
