Bilingual edition: English is preserved and Chinese follows each unit. Terminology uses the confirmed v20260916 glossary; automated semantic review remains traceable.
中英双语版：英文原文完整保留，中文紧随对应单元；术语采用 v20260916 确认表，自动语义审校结果可追溯。

Calcite

方解石

Two images through
calcite crystal
通过方解石晶体的两幅图像

Polarizer transmits the
ordinary ray.
偏振器允许寻常光线通过。

Polarizer rotated about 90°
transmits the extraordinary ray.
偏振器旋转约90°时，会通过 extraordinary 光。

Because of its birefringence, calcite forms two images of the arrow. Rotating a polarizer over them shows that the light which forms the two images is polarized at right angles.

由于双折射，方解石会形成箭头的两个影像。将偏振片旋转时可以发现，形成这两个影像的光是互相垂直偏振的。
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HyperPhysics***** Light and Vision
HyperPhysics ***** 光与视觉
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