Bilingual edition: English is preserved and Chinese follows each unit. Terminology uses the confirmed v20260916 glossary; automated semantic review remains traceable.
中英双语版:英文原文完整保留,中文紧随对应单元;术语采用 v20260916 确认表,自动语义审校结果可追溯。

Diffraction Grating

衍射光栅

A diffraction grating is the tool of choice for separating the colors in incident light.

衍射光栅是分离入射光中不同颜色的首选工具。

The condition for maximum intensity is the same as that for a double slit. However, angular separation of the maxima is generally much greater because the slit spacing is so small for a diffraction grating.

衍射光栅的光强最大值条件与双缝相同。然而,由于衍射光栅的缝间距非常小,最大值的角分离通常要大得多。

Displacement y = (Order m x Wavelength x Distance D)/(slit separation d)

位移 y = (序数 m × 波长 × 距离 D ) / ( 条纹间距 d )

For a diffraction grating with lines/mm = lines/inch,

对于衍射光栅,其每毫米线数为每英寸线数,
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:l 2:lc。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

the slit separation is d = micrometers = x10^ m.

缝宽为 d = 微米 = x10^ m.
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:a 2:ab 3:ap。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

For incident light wavelength λ = nm at order m =,
对于入射光波长 λ = nm 在级次 m = ,
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:w 2:m。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

projected on a screen at distance D = cm,

在距离D = cm的屏幕上投影,
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:d。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

the displacement from the centerline for maximum intensity will be

最大强度处的位移将是从中心线的位移

= cm.
= 厘米。
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:y。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

This corresponds to an angle of θ = ° .
这对应于一个角度为 θ = ° 。
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:th。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

The resolvance of such a grating depends upon how many slits are actually covered by the incident light source; i.e., if you can cover more slits, you get a higher resolution in the projected spectrum.
If N = slits are illuminated, then the resolvance R = .

这样的光栅的分辨力取决于入射光源实际覆盖的狭缝数量;即,如果你能覆盖更多的狭缝,你将在投影光谱中获得更高的分辨率。如果N个狭缝被照亮,则分辨力R = 。
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:n 2:r。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

This resolvance implies that the wavelength resolution is

这种分辨率意味着波长的分辨率是

Δλ = nm
Δλ = 纳米
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:dw。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。
which corresponds to a spacing of
对应于间距为
Δy = cm at the screen position.
Δy = cm 在屏上位置。
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:dy。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

This calculation is designed to allow you to enter data and then click on the quantity you wish to calculate in the active formula above. The data will not be forced to be consistent until you click on a quantity to calculate. Default values will be entered for unspecified parameters, but all values may be changed.

此计算旨在允许你输入数据,然后点击上方交互式公式中你希望计算的量。数据不会被强制保持一致,直到你点击一个量进行计算。未指定的参数将输入默认值,但所有值都可能被更改。

Note: The small angle approximation was not used in the calculations above, but it may be sufficiently accurate for laboratory calculations.

注意:上述计算中未使用小角近似,但可能足以满足实验室计算的精度要求。
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Index

Grating concepts
索引光栅概念
 
HyperPhysics***** Light and Vision
HyperPhysics ***** 光与视觉
R Nave
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