Comet Giacobini-Zinner

Multiple "slingshot" propulsion manuevers place the IEEE-3 spacecraft in position to view Comet Giacobini-Zinner.

多次‘飞越’推进 maneuver 将 IEEE-3 卫星置于可以观测彗星 Giacobini-Zinner 的位置。

The chance to observe newly discovered Comet Giacobini-Zinner transformed an ordinary solar orbit into a dramatic series of slingshot propulsion maneuvers which converted ordinary solar-wind observation satellite ISEE-3 into "International Cometary Explorer". From an undramatic history, ICE became prominent as it was steered through 37 propulsive maneuvers,five lunar flybys, and two close passes of the Earth during an eighteen month period to send it out to intercept the orbit of Comet G-Z. Its path brought it within 120 km of the moon's surface on one pass. It reached Comet G-Z at a distance of about 70 million kilometers from the Earth, passing 8000 kilometers behind the comet's nucleus and spending about 20 minutes passing through its tail.

观测到新发现的彗星吉亚科宾-辛纳的机会，将一个普通的太阳轨道转变成一系列戏剧性的弹射推进 maneuver，将普通的太阳风观测卫星 ISEE-3 转变为“国际彗星探测器”。从一段不引人注目的历史中，ICE 成为突出的，因为它在十八个月内被引导通过 37 次推进 maneuver、五次月球飞越和两次接近地球的飞行，以将其送出去拦截彗星 G-Z 的轨道。其路径使其在一次飞越中接近月球表面 120 公里。它到达彗星 G-Z 时距离地球约 7000 万公里，位于彗核后方约 8000 公里处，并在其尾部停留了约 20 分钟。

The close encounter enabled measurements of about 70,000 km for the diameter of the coma. The tail was well over 500,000 km. Comet G-Z had a thin, straight primarily ion tail, in contrast to the more commonly observed broad dust tails.

近距离接近使人们能够测量出彗星 coma 的直径约为70,000公里。尾部长度超过500,000公里。彗星G-Z具有细长而笔直的离子尾，这与通常观察到的宽广尘埃尾形成对比。