Bases基底
There are certain base properties which were noted early in the history of chemistry. According to the Arrhenius acid-base concept, a substance is classified as a base if it ionizes to form hydroxide ions OH(-) in aqueous solution. 在化学发展史上早期就已注意到一些基本性质。根据阿伦尼乌斯酸碱概念，如果一种物质在水溶液中能电离生成氢氧根离子OH⁻，则该物质被归类为碱。
Other systems classify substances as bases if they act as proton receptors (Bronsted-Lowry theory) or as electron-pair donors (Lewis theory). These two classification methods are not limited to solutions in water. 其他系统将物质分类为碱，如果它们能作为质子受体（Bronsted-Lowry理论）或电子对给体（Lewis理论）。这两种分类方法并不局限于水溶液中的物质。
|
Index Chemistry concepts 化学概念索引 | ||
|
Go Back
返回 |
Base Strength基础强度
A base which ionizes almost completely in solution is said to be a strong base, wheras one which has a small degree of ionization is a weak base. Of the common bases, sodium hydroxide is a strong base. Sodium bicarbonate is a weak base.
The basicity of solutions is measured in terms of the pH of the solution, and strong bases will raise the pH more for a given molarity of solution.
在溶液中几乎完全离解的碱称为强碱，而离解程度较小的碱称为弱碱。常见的碱中，氢氧化钠是强碱，碳酸氢钠是弱碱。溶液的碱性用溶液的pH值来衡量，对于相同浓度的溶液，强碱会使pH值升高更多。 |
Index Periodic Table Chemistry concepts 索引 元素周期表 化学概念 | ||
|
Go Back
返回 |
Common Bases常见基底
Some common molecules which are classified as bases. 一些常见的被归类为碱的分子。
|
Index Chemistry concepts 化学概念索引 | |||
|
Go Back
返回 |