Potential: Charged Conducting Sphere

电势：带电导体球

The use of Gauss' law to examine the electric field of a charged sphere shows that the electric field environment outside the sphere is identical to that of a point charge. Therefore the potential is the same as that of a point charge:

用高斯定律研究带电球体的电场可知，球体外的电场环境与点电荷的相同。因此，电势与点电荷的相同：

The electric field inside a conducting sphere is zero, so the potential remains constant at the value it reaches at the surface:

导体球内部的电场为零，因此电势保持在表面达到的值不变：

Potentials for other charge geometries

其他电荷几何形状的势

Potential inside conductors

导体内部的电势

Index

Voltage concepts

索引电压概念

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Potential of a Conductor

导体的电势

When a conductor is at equilibrium, the electric field inside it is constrained to be zero.

Since the electric field is equal to the rate of change of potential, this implies that the voltage inside a conductor at equilibrium is constrained to be constant at the value it reaches at the surface of the conductor. A good example is the charged conducting sphere, but the principle applies to all conductors at equilibrium.

由于电场等于电势的变化率，这表明在平衡状态下导体内部的电压必须保持在导体表面达到的值。一个很好的例子是带电导体球，但这一原理适用于所有平衡状态下的导体。