Metamorphic Rocks

变质岩

Metamorphic rocks are those which have been changed from one form to another by the high pressure and temperature environment of the Earth. "Metamorphism" means the process of changing form. The changes can be applied to either sedimentary or igneous rock. Lutgens and Tarbuck provide a useful table of some of the varieties of metamorphic rock.

变质岩是指在地球的高压高温环境下，由一种形式转变为另一种形式的岩石。'变质作用'指的是这种转变过程。这些变化可以适用于沉积岩或火成岩。Lutgens和Tarbuck提供了一个有用的变质岩种类表格。

Metamorphic rock 变质岩	Texture 纹理	Parent rock 母岩	Description 描述
Slate Slate（矿物名）	Foliated 层状的	Shale 页岩	Very fine grained 非常细密的
Phyllite 片岩	Foliated 层状的	Shale 页岩	Fine-to-medium grained 细粒至中粒
Schist 片岩	Foliated 层状的	Shale, granitic and volcanic rocks 石英、花岗岩和火山岩	Coarse-grained micaceous minerals 粗粒度的黏土矿物
Gneiss 片麻岩	Foliated 层状的	Shale, granitic and volcanic rocks 石英、花岗岩和火山岩	Coarse-grained, non-micaceous 粗粒度、非云母状
Marble Marble（矿物名）	Nonfoliated 非片状的	Limestone, dolostone 石灰岩，白云岩	Composed of interlocking calcite grains 由相互啮合的方解石颗粒组成
Quartzite 石英岩	Nonfoliated 非片状的	Quartz sandstone 石英砂岩	Composed of interlocking quartz grains 由相互啮合的石英颗粒组成
Hornfels 霍恩费尔斯	Nonfoliated 非片状的	Any fine-grained material 任何细粒度材料	Fine-grained 细粒度
Migmatite Migmatite（矿物名）	Weakly foliated 弱分层	Mixture of granitic and mafic rocks 花岗岩和基性岩的混合物	Composed of contorted layers 由扭曲的层组成
Mylonite Mylonite（矿物名）	Weakly foliated 弱分层	Any material 任何材料	Hard, fine-grained rock 坚硬的细粒岩石
Metaconglomerate 元聚集体	Weakly foliated 弱分层	Quartz-rich conglomerate 石英质砾岩	Strongly stretched pebbles 高度拉长的鹅卵石
Amphibolite Amphibolite（矿物名）	Weakly foliated 弱分层	Mafic volcanic rocks 基性火山岩	Coarse-grained 粗粒化

Examples of metamorphic rock

变质岩的例子