Bilingual edition: English is preserved and Chinese follows each unit. Terminology uses the confirmed v20260916 glossary; automated semantic review remains traceable.
中英双语版:英文原文完整保留,中文紧随对应单元;术语采用 v20260916 确认表,自动语义审校结果可追溯。

Head-on Inelastic Collisions

正面对撞的非弹性碰撞
In the general case of a one-dimensional collision between two masses, one cannot anticipate how much kinetic energy will be lost in the collision. Therefore, the velocities of the two masses after the collision are not completely determined by their velocities before the collision. However, conservation of momentum must be satisfied, so that if the velocity of one of the particles after the collision is specified, the other is determined.
Initial conditions:
初始条件:
m1=kg, v1=m/s, pi=kg m/s
m2=kg, v2=m/s, KEi=J
m₂ = kg,v₂ = m/s,KEₙ = J
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:m2 2:v2 3:k1。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。
Enter values for masses and velocities above. Then specify one final velocity below.
Final velocities(specify one, the other
will be calculated):
最终速度(指定一个,另一个将被计算):
v'1= m/s, v'2= m/s
Final momentum = pf=kg m/s,
最终动量 = p_f = kg·m/s,
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:p2。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。
Final kinetic energy = KEf = J
最终动能 = KE_f = J
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:k2。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。
For a perfectly elastic collision,
the values would have been:
对于完全弹性碰撞,数值应为:
v'1 = m/s, v'2 = m/s

For ordinary objects, the final kinetic energy will be less than the initial value. The only way you can get an increase in kinetic energy is if there is some kind of energy release triggered by the impact. Was one of your objects a hand grenade?

Examine the case where the masses stick together.

考察质量粘连在一起的情况
在一般情况下,两个质量的一维碰撞中,无法预知碰撞中损失的动能多少。因此,碰撞后两个质量的 velocities 不完全由碰撞前的 velocities 决定。然而,动量守恒必须满足,因此如果碰撞后一个粒子的 velocity 被指定,另一个的 velocity 就被确定。在上方输入质量与 velocities。然后在下方指定一个最终的 velocity。对于普通物体,最终的动能将小于初始值。唯一能增加动能的方式是碰撞触发某种能量释放。其中一个是手榴弹吗?
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:v1p 2:v2p 3:v1pe 4:v2pe。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。
Index

Collision concepts

Elastic collisions

Elastic head-on collisions
索引 碰撞概念 弹性碰撞 弹性正面碰撞
 
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计算模块中未附着于文字的输入框:
中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应:1:m1 2:v1 3:p1。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。