Bilingual edition: English is preserved and Chinese follows each unit. Terminology uses the confirmed v20260916 glossary; automated semantic review remains traceable.
中英双语版：英文原文完整保留，中文紧随对应单元；术语采用 v20260916 确认表，自动语义审校结果可追溯。

Spectrum of HCl

HCl 的光谱

HCl shows the rotational transitions characteristic of diatomic molecules. The rotational spectrum of HCl shows some centrifugal stretching as indicated by the calculated bond length in the table.
υ cm-1
υ cm⁻¹
 J -> J+1 R(nm)
83.03
3-4
 .1288
103.73
4-5
 .1288
124.3
5-6
 .1289
145.03
6-7
 .1289
165.51
7-8
 .1290
185.86
8-9
 .1291
206.38
9-10
 .1292
226.5
10-11
 .1293

HCl表现出双原子分子的旋转跃迁特征。HCl的旋转光谱显示了一些离心伸长，如表中计算的键长所示。

It is typical for the frequencies υ in this range to be expressed in the units cm-1. The transition energies in joules may be calculated from:

在这个范围内，频率υ通常以cm⁻¹为单位表示。以焦耳为单位的跃迁能量可由下式计算：

For high rotational transitions, the molecule must be treated as a non-rigid rotor.

对于高转动能级跃迁，分子必须被视为非刚性转子。
Vibration/rotation transitions in HCl
HCl中的振动/旋转跃迁
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