Chemical Applications of NMR

The versatility of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has made it a widespread tool in chemistry for the study of chemical structure. In additional to the one-dimensional NMR spectroscopy used to study chemical bonds, two dimensional approaches have been developed for the determination of the structure of complex molecules like proteins. Time domain NMR spectroscopy is used to study molecular dynamics in solutions. NMR of solid samples can help determine molecular structures. There are NMR methods for measuring diffusion coefficients.

核磁共振（NMR）光谱的多功能性使其成为化学中研究化学结构的常用工具。除了用于研究化学键的一维NMR光谱外，还发展出了用于确定复杂分子（如蛋白质）结构的二维方法。时间域NMR光谱用于研究溶液中的分子动力学。NMR也可用于固体样品以确定分子结构。还有用于测量扩散系数的NMR方法。

NMR spectroscopy has contributed enormously to chemical knowledge. A wide range of techniques has been used with a range of magnetic fields including high-field superconducting magnets. NMR frequencies from 60 to 800 MHz have been used for hydrogens, compared to the range of about 15 to 80 MHz for medical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

One of the major sources of chemical information is the measurement of chemical shifts in high-resolution NMR spectroscopy. The chemical shifts are a very sensitive probe of the chemical environment of the resonating nuclei.

化学信息的一个主要来源是高分辨核磁共振谱中化学移位的测量。化学移位是对共振核化学环境的非常敏感探针。

核磁共振光谱学极大地促进了化学知识的获取。已广泛使用各种技术，包括高场超导磁体，适用于不同磁场范围。用于氢的核磁共振频率在60至800 MHz之间，而用于医学磁共振成像（MRI）的频率范围约为15至80 MHz。