Lithium

Symbol 符号

Li 利

Atomic number 原子序数

3

Atomic mass 原子质量	6.941		Thermal conductivity 热导率	0.847
Atomic radius 原子半径	2.05		Covalent radius 共价半径	1.23
Density 密度	0.534		Atomic volume 原子体积	13.10
Melting point 熔点	453.7		Oxidation states 氧化态	1
Boiling point 沸点	1620		Stable isotopes 稳定同位素	2
Heat of vapor. 汽化热	145.920		Electronegativity 电负性	0.98
Heat of fusion 熔化热	3.00		First ionization 第一电离能	5.392
Specific heat 比热容	3.6		Electrical conduct. 电导率	0.108

Electron configuration 电子排布

Lithium

Lithium, like the other alkali metals (Group I), is a sivery-white metal of very high chemical reactivity. It is less dense than water and will react actively with a water surface. 锂与其他碱金属（第I组）一样，是一种银白色、化学活性极高的金属。它比水密度小，会积极地与水面发生反应。 Compounds of lithium have been used in the manufacture of glass and of glazes for dishes and porcelain objects. It is used in lubricants, batteries and antidepressants medications. 锂的化合物被用于玻璃的制造以及餐具和瓷器制品的釉料中。它还用于润滑剂、电池和抗抑郁药物中。

Lithium floating on oil (from Wiki) 锂浮在油上（来自维基）

Lithium finds use in nuclear breeder reactors as a coolant and a source for tritium. Tritium is formed by bombarding lithium with fast neutrons. If deuterium-tritium fusion becomes viable as an energy source, then the scarcity of lithium from which to breed tritium would become one of the limitations on the energy resource.

Lithium is contained in the silicate minerals elbaite, lepidolite, sugilite, neptunite and bikitaite. Other lithium aluminum silicates are spodumene, LiAlSi₂O₉ and petalite, LiAlSi₄O₁₀. Lithium and sodium are found with either zirconium, titanium or hafnium in the mineral zektzerite

Lithium is found in the phosphate minerals amblygonite, triphylite and montebrasite.

Lithium Nuclear Data

Lithium is used as a coolant for nuclear fusion reactors because it absorbs the neutrons produced and also breeds tritium which can be used as a fuel in deuterium-tritium fusion.