Thermodynamic Potentials
热力学势
Four quantities called "thermodynamic potentials" are useful in the chemical thermodynamics of reactions and non-cyclic processes. They are internal energy, the enthalpy, the Helmholtz free energy and the Gibbs free energy.
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The four thermodynamic potentials are related by offsets of the "energy from the environment" term TS and the "expansion work" term PV. A mnemonic diagram suggested by Schroeder can help you keep track of the relationships between the four thermodynamic potentials. 热力学四个势之间通过“来自环境的能量”项TS和“膨胀功”项PV的偏移而相关联。Schroeder提出的记忆图可以帮助你跟踪这四个热力学势之间的关系。
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四个称为“热力学势”的量在化学热力学中用于反应和非循环过程的分析。它们是内能、焓、亥姆霍兹自由能和吉布斯自由能。这是一个动态图表。点击任何部分以获取更多细节。
Internal energy concepts
Reference
Schroeder
Ch 5
索引 内能概念 参考 Schroeder 第5章
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