Pressure Zone Microphones

A unique application of the condenser microphone is the pressure zone microphone (PZM) such as the Crown PZM which has a hemispherical pickup pattern. A miniature condenser microphone is mounted face-down next to a sound-reflecting plate or boundary. The microphone was developed especially for on-surface mounting to avoid the tonal coloration of other types of microphones which are placed close to a surface. The microphone's diaphram is placed in the thin "pressure zone" just above the mounting surface where the incident and reflected sounds combine effectively "in phase" over the audible range. The benefits are a wide, smooth frequency response, excellent clarity, and little off-axis coloration. The "pressure zone" concept comes from the idea that the reflected waves add to the incoming wave. This has the potential for a doubling of effective sound amplitude, which gives four times the sound intensity or a 6 decibel increase in sensitivity.

电容式麦克风的一个独特应用是压力区麦克风（PZM），例如Crown PZM，其拾取模式呈半球形。一个小型电容式麦克风被倒置安装在声反射板或边界附近。该麦克风特别设计用于表面安装，以避免其他类型麦克风靠近表面时产生的音色失真。麦克风的膜片位于紧挨安装表面的薄“压力区”中，其中入射声和反射声在可听频率范围内有效“相位”叠加。其优点包括宽广而平滑的频率响应、优异的清晰度以及很小的偏轴失真。‘压力区’的概念来源于反射波与入射波叠加的原理。这有可能使有效声压加倍，从而带来四倍的声强度或6分贝的灵敏度提升。