Beryl

碧玺

Beryl has the chemical composition Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆ and is classified as a cyclosilicate. It is the principal ore for the element beryllium. It has several gem varieties with inclusions of small amounts of impurities. The inclusion of chromium or vanadium can produce the green emerald. Other varieties are the pale green to blue aquamarine, the pale yellow to yellowish orange heliodor, pale pink to salmon colored morganite, and the colorless gem goshenite. Trapiche is an unusual green variety of beryl which exhibits a spoke-like pattern in its reflected light. All the samples shown are on display at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History.

伯尔利石的化学组成是Be₃Al₂(SiO₃)₆，属于环硅酸盐类。它是铍元素的主要矿石。它有多种宝石品种，含有少量杂质。铬或钒的 inclusion 可以产生绿色的祖母绿。其他品种包括淡绿色到蓝色的海蓝宝石，淡黄色到黄橙色的海蓝宝石，淡粉色到 salmon 色的摩根石，以及无色的戈申石。Trapiche 是一种不寻常的伯尔利石品种，其反射光中呈现出类似 spokes 的图案。所有展示的样品均在史密森尼自然历史博物馆展出。

This red beryl crystal is about 4 cm long. The gems are 1.6 and 4 carats. These samples are from the Wah Wah Mountains of Utah. Some red beryl gems rival rubies in their brilliance and clarity. Dramatic red gems are also formed by spinel, so identifying red gems can be tricky.

这个红色碧玺晶体长约4厘米。这些宝石重1.6和4克拉。这些样本来自犹他州瓦哈山。一些红色碧玺宝石的光彩和透明度可与红宝石相媲美。红色宝石也可由斑铜形成，因此鉴定红色宝石可能颇具挑战性。

This beryl sample is described as intergrown crystals. It is from Alabashka, Mursinka, Neyva River, Urals, Russia. It is about 10 cm across.

这种碧玺样本被描述为共生晶体。它产自俄罗斯乌拉尔山脉的阿拉巴克、穆尔辛卡、内亚瓦河。其尺寸约为10厘米。

This clear beryl sample is from Shengus, Gilgit, Northern Areas, Pakistan. It is about 3 cm across.

这块透明的碧玺样本来自巴基斯坦吉尔吉特的申古斯地区。其直径约为3厘米。

The sample at right is from Brazil and is about 14 cm high.

右边的样本来自巴西，高度约为14厘米。

This sample is described as beryl of variety trapiche', with carbon inclusions. It is about 8cm across and is from Colombia.

这种样本被描述为带有碳包裹体的陷阱奇变碧玺，直径约8厘米，来自哥伦比亚。

This sample is described as green beryl with muscovite. It is about 10 cm across and is from Conselheira Pena district, Minas Gerais, Brazil.

这种样本被描述为绿色碧玺并含有云母。它宽约10厘米，产自巴西马里安纳州潘纳区。

This green beryl gem is 577.9 caras and is from Teofilo Otoni, Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is about 10 cm across.

这种绿色碧玺宝石重577.9克拉，产自巴西巴伊亚州米纳斯吉拉斯州的Teofilo Otoni。其直径约为10厘米。

A beryl sample from Minas Gerais, Brazil. It is about 12 cm across.

来自巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州的一块碧玺样本。它的直径约为12厘米。

These green beryl gems are 1363 and 237 carats and are from Minas Gerais, Brazil. The largest one scales to about 6 cm across.

这些绿色碧玺宝石重1363和237克拉，来自巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州。最大的那颗直径约6厘米。

These green beryl gems are 914.4 and 76.1 carats and are from Minas Gerais, Brazil.

这些绿色碧玺宝石重914.4和76.1克拉，来自巴西的米纳斯吉拉斯州。

This white beryl sample is from Tanco pegmatite, Manitoba, Canada. It is about 11 cm across.

这块白色碧玺样品来自加拿大曼尼托巴省塔恩科伟晶岩。其直径约为11厘米。

The largest of the mounted red beryl gems above is about a half centimeter across.

上述红色碧玺宝石中最大的直径大约为半厘米。

Mindat: Beryl

Mindat: 铍石