Nucleotides
核苷酸
Nucleotides are the basic structural units of nucleic acids, which control the production of proteins in living organisms. The nucleotides are made up of a phosphate group, a pentose sugar, and a nitrogen base.
核苷酸是核酸的基本结构单位，它们控制着生物体内蛋白质的合成。核苷酸由磷酸基团、五碳糖和氮碱组成。
This shows the basic structure of a nucleotide. This example has the sugar ribose, and is characteristic of RNA. The nucleotide could contain the sugar deoxyribose, characteristic of DNA. For DNA, the bases may be adenine, guanine, cytosine or thymine. For RNA the bases are adenine, guanine, cytosine and uracil.
这展示了核苷酸的基本结构。这个例子中的糖是核糖，属于RNA。核苷酸也可能含有脱氧核糖，这属于DNA。对于DNA，碱基可以是腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶或胸腺嘧啶。而对于RNA，碱基则是腺嘌呤、鸟嘌呤、胞嘧啶和尿嘧啶。
Biochemical concepts
Chemistry concepts
索引 生物化学概念 化学概念
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