What evidence suggests that the electron is a fundamental particle?什么证据表明电子是一个基本粒子？
The standard model of particle physics suggests that there are fundamental particles called leptons and quarks which are the basic building blocks of matter, i.e., they are seen as the "elementary particles". The concept is that these fundamental particles are not made out of anything else - they cannot be further subdivided into smaller constituents. To suggest that a particle is a fundamental particle in this sense is indeed a bold claim and requires defense. This document chooses the electron and seeks to make that defense. Electron properties:电子性质：
1. Physical properties that do not vary不随情况变化的物理性质
粒子物理学的标准模型表明，存在被称为轻子和夸克的基本粒子，它们是物质的基本构成单元，即被视为“基本粒子”。这一概念是说这些基本粒子本身不可再分解为更小的组成部分。要声称某粒子是这种意义上的基本粒子，确实是一个大胆的主张，需要进行辩护。本文件选择电子，并试图进行这种辩护。 The electron was found to have a definite charge to mass ratio, e/me, in early experiments and later was found to have an intrinsic spin of 1/2. 2. Stable against decay对衰变稳定
电子在早期实验中被发现具有确定的电荷到质量比，e/m，后来又被发现具有内在的自旋1/2。 No decay of electrons has been observed - decay into other constituents would of course prove that it is not a fundamental particle. 3. No internal structure3. 无内部结构
尚未观察到电子的衰变——衰变成其他组成部分将当然证明它不是基本粒子。 The highest energy scattering experiments involving electrons reveal no internal structure for electrons.
最高能量的电子散射实验未发现电子的内部结构。 |
Index Particle concepts 索引粒子概念 | ||
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