Boron
硼
Boron forms brilliant transparent crystals, nearly as hard as diamond. The compound boron carbide, B4C, is the hardest substance known next to diamond. It has found extensive use as an abrasive and for the manufacture of vessels for grinding very hard substances.
硼形成明亮透明的晶体，其硬度接近钻石。化合物硼化碳（B₄C）是仅次于钻石的最硬物质。它已被广泛用作磨料，并用于制造磨削非常坚硬物质的容器。
Boric acid, H3BO3, is a very weak acid which is used in medicine as a mild antiseptic. Boric acid is a white crystalline solid which is found in nature in some volcanic steam jets in central Italy. It is volatile enough to be carried along by the steam.
硼酸（H₃BO₃）是一种非常弱的酸，用于医学中作为温和的抗菌剂。硼酸是一种白色结晶固体，可以在意大利中部的一些火山蒸汽喷口自然形成。它挥发性足够强，可以被蒸汽携带。
Vast deposits of boron are found in California in the form of the minerals borax (sodium tetraborate decahydrate, Na2B4O7. 10H2O), kernite (sodium tetraborate tetrahydrate, Na2B4O7. 4H2O), tincalconite, and colemanite (calcium hexaborate pentahydrate, Ca2B6O11. 5H2O). Ulexite is another borate with sodium and calcium.
加州发现了大量硼的矿物，形式为硼酸钠十水合物（十水合硼酸钠，Na₂B₄O₇·10H₂O）、 Kernite（四水合硼酸钠，Na₂B₄O₇·4H₂O）、tincalconite以及colemanite（五水合钙六硼酸盐，Ca₂B₆O₁₁·5H₂O）。Ulexite也是一种含钠和钙的硼酸盐。 Boron is found with magnesium in the oxide minerals inderite and kurnakovite. Boron with calcium forms the oxide inyoite. Boron with calcium and sodium forms the oxide proberite. The boron compound hulsite contains iron, tin and magnesium. Aluminum with boron and fluorine form the oxide (borate) Jeremejevite. Manganese with boron forms the oxide sussexite. Strontium with boron forms the oxide tunellite.
硼存在于氧化物矿物indertite和kurnakovite中与镁共存。硼与钙形成氧化物inyosite。硼与钙和钠形成氧化物proberite。硼化合物hulsite含有铁、锡和镁。铝与硼和氟形成氧化物（硼酸盐）jeremejevite。锰与硼形成氧化物sussexite。锶与硼形成氧化物tunellite。 Boron is also found with calcium in the silicate minerals danburite, datolite and Howlite. Boron appears with lithium and sodium in the silicate elbaite . Boron appears with magnesium and aluminum in the silicate kornerupine and with sodium, iron and aluminum in schorl. Boron appears with calcium, aluminum and manganese in the borosilicate manganaxinite. Boron appears with aluminum and iron in the borosilicate Dumortierite. Boron with potassium and sodium are found in the silicate poudrettite. Boron with titanium and fluorine are found in the silicate wilhuite.
Boron appears with magnesium in the fibrous mineral Szaibelyite and in the mineral boracite. Boron is found in the sulfate minerals Charlesite and Sturmanite.
With beryllium, boron forms the oxide mineral Hambergite. Zirconium appears with boron in the oxide mineral painite, which is very hard (MH =8) and sometimes of gem quality.
硼与铍形成氧化物矿物哈姆伯吉特。锆石与硼形成氧化物矿物帕因石，其硬度很高（MH=8），有时可作为宝石使用。
硼出现在纤维状矿物Szaibelyite以及矿物boracite中，也出现在硫酸盐矿物Charlesite和Sturmanite中。
硼也出现在硅酸盐矿物丹布尔石、达托利特和霍尔维特中与钙共存。硼与锂和钠共存于硅酸盐矿物埃尔巴石。硼与镁和铝共存于硅酸盐矿物科纳尔普林，与钠、铁和铝共存于斯科尔。硼与钙、铝和锰共存于硼硅酸盐矿物曼戈纳克斯inite。硼与铝和铁共存于硼硅酸盐矿物杜莫特石。硼与钾和钠共存于硅酸盐矿物波德特石。硼与钛和氟共存于硅酸盐矿物维利乌特。 |
