Polarization by Reflection

Reflected Intensity

For an incident angle of α = ° and an index n = , the transmitted angle is β = °. The reflection coefficients are. 当入射角为 α = °，索引 n = 时，透射角为 β = °。反射系数为。 中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应：1：alp 2：n 3：bet。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。 = = The overall reflected intensity is % of the incident and % of that is in the perpendicular plane. The Brewster angle is . 总的反射强度是%的入射强度，其中%是垂直平面的。布儒斯特角是。 中文译文中的待填/计算数值依次对应：1：rper 2：rnor 3：brew。实际数值以上方原输入框为准。

Note: the reflection coefficients used here are the intensities and not the amplitudes as used in the usual presentation of the Fresnel equations. That is, these reflection coefficients are the square of those in the Fresnel expressions.

Polarization by Scattering

The scattering of light off air molecules produces linearly polarized light in the plane perpendicular to the incident light. The scatterers can be visualized as tiny antennae which radiate perpendicular to their line of oscillation. If the charges in a molecule are oscillating along the y-axis, it will not radiate along the y-axis. Therefore, at 90° away from the beam direction, the scattered light is linearly polarized. This causes the light which undergoes Rayleigh scattering from the blue sky to be partially polarized. 光对空气分子的散射会产生垂直于入射光方向的线偏振光。散射体可以被视作微小的天线，其辐射方向垂直于其振荡方向。如果分子中的电荷沿y轴振荡，它不会沿y轴辐射。因此，在入射光方向90°处，散射光是线偏振的。这导致从蓝天中发生瑞利散射的光部分偏振。