Spherical Polar Coordinates

Cylindrical Polar Coordinates

With the axis of the circular cylinder taken as the z-axis, the perpendicular distance from the cylinder axis is designated by r and the azimuthal angle taken to be Φ. 将圆柱的轴线取为z轴，圆柱轴线的垂直距离用r表示，方位角设为Φ。 Applications 应用 LaPlacian 拉普拉斯算子 Gradient 梯度 Divergence 散度 Curl 旋度

Applications of Spherical Polar Coordinates

Physical systems which have spherical symmetry are often most conveniently treated by using spherical polar coordinates.

Applications of Cylindrical Polar Coordinates

Physical systems which have cylindrical symmetry are often most conveniently treated by using cylindrical polar coordinates.