Bilingual edition: English is preserved and Chinese follows each unit. Terminology uses the confirmed v20260916 glossary; automated semantic review remains traceable.
中英双语版：英文原文完整保留，中文紧随对应单元；术语采用 v20260916 确认表，自动语义审校结果可追溯。

ATP Synthase

ATP合成酶
 ATP synthase is a complex which makes use of the proton potential created by the action of the electron transport chain in mitochondria. It transports a proton down the gradient and uses the energy to complete the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP. The current model of its action is called the binding charge mechanism, and it appears that part of this large protein complex accomplishes a mechanical rotation in the process of phosphorylation and release of the ATP molecule. So part of its action is like a molecular motor.

ATP合酶是一种复杂的复合物，它利用线粒体中电子传递链作用所产生的质子势。它将质子从高浓度区域运输到低浓度区域，并利用这部分能量完成ADP到ATP的磷酸化。目前对其作用的模型称为结合电荷机制，似乎在磷酸化和ATP分子释放的过程中，该大蛋白复合物的一部分完成了机械旋转。因此，其部分作用类似于分子马达。

In the electron transport chain of photosynthesis, the ATP synthase complex accomplishes the phosphorylation of ADP to ATP, providing part of the energy for subsequent biosynthesis through the Calvin cycle.

在光合作用的电子传递链中，ATP合酶复合物将ADP磷酸化为ATP，为后续通过卡尔文循环进行的生物合成提供部分能量。
 Index

Photosynthesis Concepts

Reference
Moore, et al.
Ch 7
索引 光合作用概念 参考 Moore 等人 第7章
 
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