Taylor-Cooke Triplet

Multi-element lens concepts 多元件透镜概念 Taylor-Cooke Triplet 泰勒-库克三镜组 Zeiss Tessar 蔡司 Tessar Orthoscopic Doublet 正视双镜 Zeiss Orthometer 蔡司正压计 Double Gauss 双高斯 Petzval Petzval（专名或术语）

The Taylor-Cooke triplet was designed in 1893 by Harold Dennis Taylor of the T. Cooke &Sons Optical Company in the UK. It was somewhat revolutionary for photography since previous camera lenses had to severely limit the light gathering power with stops in order to limit aberrations . This required long exposures, up to 40 minutes, for high quality photography. The insertion of the negative lens made of flint glass between the two positive lenses of crown glass greatly reduced aberrations and permitted the use of larger apertures and reduced exposure times. (Meyer-Arendt)

Zeiss Tessar

Multi-element lens concepts 多元件透镜概念 Taylor-Cooke Triplet 泰勒-库克三镜组 Zeiss Tessar 蔡司 Tessar Orthoscopic Doublet 正视双镜 Zeiss Orthometer 蔡司正压计 Double Gauss 双高斯 Petzval Petzval（专名或术语）

The Zeiss Tessar is a famous photographic lens, invented in 1902 by Paul Rudolph of the Carl Zeiss optical company. It is similar to the Taylor-Cooke triplet with the replacement of the third lens with an achromat doublet for further reduction of aberrations. Meyer-Arendt, Wiki

Orthoscopic Doublet

Multi-element lens concepts 多元件透镜概念 Taylor-Cooke Triplet 泰勒-库克三镜组 Zeiss Tessar 蔡司 Tessar Orthoscopic Doublet 正视双镜 Zeiss Orthometer 蔡司正压计 Double Gauss 双高斯 Petzval Petzval（专名或术语）

The orthoscopic doublet combines two symmetrically placed achromat doublets with a central stop. It is often used for eyepieces. It cannot correct for spherical aberration for the object and image planes and for the entrance and exit pupils at the same time.

Zeiss Orthometer

Multi-element lens concepts 多元件透镜概念 Taylor-Cooke Triplet 泰勒-库克三镜组 Zeiss Tessar 蔡司 Tessar Orthoscopic Doublet 正视双镜 Zeiss Orthometer 蔡司正压计 Double Gauss 双高斯 Petzval Petzval（专名或术语）

Double Gauss

Multi-element lens concepts 多元件透镜概念 Taylor-Cooke Triplet 泰勒-库克三镜组 Zeiss Tessar 蔡司 Tessar Orthoscopic Doublet 正视双镜 Zeiss Orthometer 蔡司正压计 Double Gauss 双高斯 Petzval Petzval（专名或术语）

Petzval

Multi-element lens concepts 多元件透镜概念 Taylor-Cooke Triplet 泰勒-库克三镜组 Zeiss Tessar 蔡司 Tessar Orthoscopic Doublet 正视双镜 Zeiss Orthometer 蔡司正压计 Double Gauss 双高斯 Petzval Petzval（专名或术语）

The Petzval lens was developed in 1840 by Joseph Petzval. It consists of two doublet lenses, the first of which corrects for spherical aberration but introduces coma. The second doublet corrects for this, and the position of the stop corrects most of the astigmatism. But this introduces field curvature and vignetting. It was a significant advance for photography when it was introduced. Wiki