Spessartine

斯佩萨尔丁

Mn₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

Spessartine is silicate of manganese and aluminum with the composition Mn₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃. The samples at left show the dramatic red-orange color it often exhibits.

This sample of spessartine with muscovite is about 3x3 cm and is from Gilgit, Northern Areas, Pakistan. These samples are displayed in the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History.

斯派沙尔丁石是一种含锰和铝的硅酸盐，其化学式为Mn₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃。左侧的样品显示出它通常呈现的鲜艳的红橙色。这块含有斯派沙尔丁石和云母的样品尺寸约为3x3厘米，来自巴基斯坦的吉尔吉特地区。这些样品陈列在史密森尼自然历史博物馆中。

The sample at right is described as spessartine with schorl, albite and quartz. It is about 12x15 cm and is from Hercules mine, Ramona, California.This locality is known for gem-quality orange spessartine, a garnet mineral rich in manganese. The black schorl shows up in dramatic contrast.

右侧的样本描述为含电气石、长石和石英的电气石。其尺寸约为12x15厘米，来自加利福尼亚州拉蒙娜的赫尔克里斯矿。该地区以高品质的橙色电气石著称，这是一种富含锰的电气石矿物。黑色的电气石在对比中显得格外突出。

This spessartine sample is about 2.5x2.5 cm and is from Pedra Borita mines, Carnaubados Dantas, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.

这种斯派沙特矿石样本尺寸约为2.5厘米×2.5厘米，采自巴西里奥格兰德-do-北州卡纳乌巴多斯-达塔斯的佩德拉-博里塔矿床。

This sample is described as spessartine with helvite, quartz, and microcline. It is about 20 cm long and is from Tongbei, Fujian Province, China.

这种样本被描述为含方解石、石英和微斜长石，长约20厘米，来自中国福建省 Tongbei。

Another example of the habits of formation of spessartine crystals comes from Garnet Hill, White Pine County, Nevada. The sample at right is about 9x7 cm.

另一个关于spessartine晶体形成习惯的例子来自内华达州怀特平县的Garnet Hill。右侧的样本大约为9x7厘米。

These spessartine gems are 40.1 and 26 carats and are from Amelia, Virginia.

这些斯派沙石有40.1和26克拉，来自弗吉尼亚州阿米莉亚。

This sample is described as spessartine with quartz and muscovite. It is about 13x13 cm wide and is from Haramosh Mountains, Gilgit, Northern Areas, Pakistan. "Reddish-orange spessarting is one of the garnet minerals. Here, it sits on white quartz and platelike crystals of muscovite. Magnificent pegmatite specimens such as this have been found in Pakistan since the mid-1980s."

这种样本描述为含石英和云母的电气石。其尺寸约为13x13厘米，来自巴基斯坦吉尔吉特北部地区的哈拉莫什山。“红色橙黄色的电气石是一种石榴矿类。在这里，它位于白色石英和板状云母晶体之上。像这样的美丽 pegmatite 样本自20世纪80年代中期以来在巴基斯坦就被发现。”

The spessartine gems at right are 18.9 and 27.4 carats and are from Kenya.

右图中的spessartine宝石重18.9和27.4克拉，来自肯尼亚。

These spessartine gems are 53.8 and 108.9 carats and are from Minas Gerais, Brazil.

这些斯派沙石有53.8和108.9克拉，来自巴西的米纳斯吉拉斯州。

This spessartine sample is about 6 x 8 cm.

这种斯派沙特矿样本大约是6厘米乘8厘米。

These spessartine gems are 13.92 and 9.73 carats and are from Zambia.

这些斯派沙琳宝石重13.92和9.73克拉，来自赞比亚。

This gem is 40.8 carats and is from Tanzania.

这颗宝石重40.8克拉，来自坦桑尼亚。

This sample is described as spessartine with galena and rhodonite. It is about 6x8 cm and is from Broken Hill, New South Wales, Australia.

这种样本被描述为含方解石和玫瑰石的石英。尺寸约为6x8厘米，来自澳大利亚新南威尔士州的布罗肯希尔。

Mindat: Spessartine

Mindat: Spessartine（专名或术语）

Grossular

Grossular（矿物名）

Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃

Grossular is silicate of calcium and aluminum with the composition Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃. These grossular crystals are 2.6 and 8.9 carats and are from Asbestos, Quebec, Canada. The sample above is about 20 cm across and is from the same location.

grossular 是钙和铝的硅酸盐，化学式为 Ca₃Al₂(SiO₄)₃。这些 grossular 晶体重量分别为 2.6 和 8.9 磅，来自加拿大魁北克省阿斯伯斯。上述样品宽约 20 厘米，来自同一地点。

This grossular sample is about 6x6 cm and is from Sandave, Nioro du Sahel, Mali.

这个grossular样品大约是6x6厘米，来自马利的Nioro du Sahel。

This grossular sample is part of the mineral collection from the cretaceous period around Crestmore, California. It is about 8 cm across.

这个grossular样本来自加州Crestmore地区的白垩纪矿物收藏，尺寸约为8厘米。

This grossular sample is about 10x14 cm and is from La Calera, Cordoba, Argentina.

这个grossular样本尺寸约为10厘米×14厘米，来自阿根廷 Cordoba 的 La Calera。

At left is an extraordinary trio of gems displayed at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History. On the right of the gem trio is a 15.93 carat grossular gem of variety tsavorite from Kenya. Kenya is the only source for this green tsavorite variety. The center gem is hydroxyl-herderite , 161.08 carats, from Brazil, perhaps the finest gem of its kind with its size and deep green color. The 40.1 carat elbaite gem shown at the left of the trio is from Mozambique as a part of a recent gem discovery with an unusual color for elbaite.

左侧展示的是大英博物馆自然历史博物馆的一组非凡的宝石。该宝石三联组右侧是一颗来自肯尼亚的15.93克拉的grossular宝石，属于tsavorite品种，是唯一已知的这种绿色tsavorite的来源。中间的宝石是hydroxyl-herderite，重161.08克拉，来自巴西，可能是其种类中最大的且颜色最深的宝石。三联组左侧展示的40.1克拉elbaite宝石来自莫桑比克，是近期发现的elbaite的一种罕见颜色的宝石。

This display at the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History shows a range of colors that can be obtained with grossular gems. The large gem on the left is 30 carats and is from Ratnapura, Sri Lanka. The 9.9 carat gem on the right is from Kenya/Tanzania. The smaller gems total 16.86 carats and are from Kenya/Tanzania.

史密森尼自然历史博物馆展出的这幅图显示了可以通过grossular宝石获得的多种颜色。左边较大的宝石重30克拉，来自斯里兰卡的Ratnapura。右边的9.9克拉宝石来自肯尼亚/坦桑尼亚。较小的宝石共16.86克拉，也来自肯尼亚/坦桑尼亚。

The grossular sample above left is described as grossular with clinochlore. It is about 6x9 cm and is from Ala, Piemonte, Italy. The sample above right is described as chromian grossular with prehnite. It is about 9x10 cm and is from Jeffrey mine, Asbestos, Quebec, Canada.
This sample of grossular is about 8x8 cm and is from Lake Jaco, Chihuahua, Mexico.
这块 grossular 样本大小约为8x8厘米，采自墨西哥恰希拉州拉克乔湖。

The sample of grossular at left is about 9x13 cm and is from Minot, Maine.

左边的grossular样本尺寸约为9x13厘米，来自缅因州的Minot。
This grossular sample is about 9x10 cm and is from Morales, Mexico.
这个grossular样品尺寸约为9x10厘米，来自墨西哥的Morales。

This grossular sample is about 6x7 cm and is from Chihuahua, Mexico.
这块 grossular 样本尺寸约为6厘米乘7厘米，来自墨西哥的奇瓦瓦州。

This grossular sample is of the variety tsavorite. It is about 6x7 cm and is from Lualenyi mine, Mgama Ridge, Kenya.
这个grossular样品属于tsavorite品种，尺寸约为6x7厘米，来自肯尼亚Mgama Ridge的Lualenyi矿。

This necklace exhibits grossular of the variety tsavorite. It is 30.8 carats in total weight and is from Kenya/Tanzania.
这条项链是tsavorite变种的grossular，总重30.8克拉，来自肯尼亚/坦桑尼亚。

These grossular gems of variety tsavorite are 29 and 7.1 carats. They are from Kenya/Tanzania.
这些粗粒变种的祖母绿宝石重29和7.1克拉。它们来自肯尼亚/坦桑尼亚。

Mindat: Grossular

Mindat: Grossular（专名或术语）

Andradite

安帕利特

Ca₃Fe₂(SiO₄)₃

左上方的grossular样本描述为grossular夹杂clinochlore。其尺寸约为6x9厘米，来自意大利皮埃蒙特的Ala。右上方的样本描述为含铬的grossular夹杂prehnite。其尺寸约为9x10厘米，来自加拿大小麦溪，阿斯伯斯，魁北克省。

Andradite is silicate of calcium and iron with the composition Ca₃Fe₂(SiO₄)₃. This sample is about 10x7 cm and is from San Benito County, California.

This sample is described as andradite with clinochlore and epidote. It is about 6x9 cm and is from Marquakhel, Spinnatigga, Parchines, Pakistan.

这种样本被描述为含符山石和 epidote，尺寸约为6x9厘米，来自巴基斯坦的马夸赫尔（Marquakhel），斯皮纳蒂格（Spinnatigga），帕奇尼（Parchines）。

This andradite sample is about 17x21 cm and is from Ojos Espanoles mine, Cardenas, Chihuahua, Mexico.

这个andalite样本尺寸约为17x21厘米，采自墨西哥奇瓦瓦州卡德纳斯的西班牙眼睛矿。

This andradite sample is about 3x3 cm and is from Baja California, Mexico.

这块和radite样品大约是3厘米见方的，来自墨西哥下加利福尼亚州。

安条克石是一种含钙和铁的硅酸盐，化学式为Ca₃Fe₂(SiO₄)₃。该样本尺寸约为10×7厘米，产自加利福尼亚州桑蒂诺县。

These two andradite samples are from Ocna de Fier, Banat, Romania. The left sample is about 8x9 cm and is described as andradite with calcite. The sample on the right is about 10x10 cm.

These andradite samples are described as andradite of variety demantoid. They are from Val Malenco, Sondrio, Lombardia, Italy.

这些andalite样品被描述为demantoid类型的andalite。它们来自意大利伦巴第大区松多罗省马尔伦科。
The gems are 4.1 and 3.4 carats and are from Urals, Russia. This gem is 10.4 carats and is from Urals, Russia.
这些宝石重4.1和3.4克拉，来自俄罗斯乌拉尔地区。这块宝石重10.4克拉，也来自俄罗斯乌拉尔地区。

Mindat: Andradite

Mindat: 安德马特石

Anorthite

安斯托列石

CaAl₂Si₂O₈

Anorthite is a silicate silicate of calcium and aluminum with the composition CaAl₂Si₂O₈. This sample is about 8x11 cm and is from Monzoni, Val di Fassa, Trentino-Alto Adige, Italy.

安斯托石是一种含钙和铝的硅酸盐，化学式为CaAl₂Si₂O₈。该样本尺寸约为8x11厘米，采自意大利特伦特诺-阿迪杰地区的蒙佐尼，位于瓦尔迪法萨州。

Mindat: Anorthite

Mindat: Anorthite（专名或术语）

Minerals

矿物

这两个andalite样品来自罗马尼亚巴纳特地区的Ocna de Fier。左边的样品大约8x9厘米，被描述为andalite夹杂有方解石。右边的样品大约10x10厘米。

Index

索引

HyperPhysics*****Geophysics

HyperPhysics ***** 地球物理学

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