Air Column Resonance空气柱共振
The resonant frequencies of air columns depend upon the speed of sound in air as well as the length and geometry of the air column. Longitudinal pressure waves reflect from either closed or open ends to set up standing wave patterns. Important in the visualization of these standing waves is the location of the nodes and antinodes of pressure and displacement for the air in the columns. 空气柱的共振频率取决于空气中的声速以及空气柱的长度和几何形状。纵向压力波会从封闭或开放端反射,形成驻波模式。在可视化这些驻波时,重要的是确定空气柱中压力和位移的节点和腹点的位置。
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Open Cylinder Air Column开放圆柱形空气柱
A cylindrical air column with both ends open will vibrate with a fundamental mode such that the air column length is one half the wavelength of the sound wave. Each end of the column must be an antinode for the air 一个两端开口的圆柱形空气柱将以基频振动,使得空气柱的长度等于声波波长的一半。柱子的每个端点都必须是波腹。
![]() motion since the ends are open to the atmosphere and cannot produce significant pressure changes. For the fundamental mode, there is one node at the center. The basic wave relationship leads to the frequency of the fundamental: 由于两端开放,与大气相通,因此无法产生显著的压力变化。对于基频,中心处有一个节点。基本的波关系导致基频为:
![]() The open air column can produce all harmonics. Open cylinders are employed musically in the flute, the recorder, and the open organ pipe. 开放的空气柱可以产生所有谐波。开放柱在音乐中被用于 flute、recorder 和开放管风琴。
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Harmonics of Open Air Column开放空气柱的谐振
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Air Column Standing Waves空气柱驻波
This is a depiction of air pressure and density variations for the first five standing wave modes of an open cylinder. The ends are constrained to be nodes of pressure, being essentially at atmospheric pressure. A half cycle later, all the high pressure points would be low pressure points, and vice versa. 这是开放圆柱体前五个驻波模式的空气压力和密度变化的示意图。两端被约束为压力节点,基本上处于大气压。一周期后,所有高压点都会变为低压点,反之亦然。
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